Liability of foreignness in global competition? financial service affiliates in the City of London

By Lilach Nachum. 2003

279 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Accounting, Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, Strategy and Management

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/dc125f4b78a1250ffad08be80e4c702981ce0106

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Citations in the corpus

Acquisitions as entrepreneurship: asymmetries, opportunities, and the internationalization of multinationals from emerging economies (2012, unknown): “Moving on to possible disadvantages of acquisitions, two main issues have been identified in the international business literature (Nachum, 2003).”
Multinationals and corporate social responsibility in host countries: Does distance matter? (2011, unknown): “…social responsibility; cultural distance; institutional distance; CAGE; Community Reinvestment Act INTRODUCTION An important issue that foreign affiliates of multinational enterprises (MNEs) face in host countries is liability of foreignness (LOF) (Mezias, 2002; Nachum, 2003; Zaheer, 1995).”
Local Density and Foreign Subsidiary Performance (2006, methodology): “Since the stigma of being foreign plays a diminished role in high-density environments (Nachum, 2003), foreign subsidiaries can focus their strategies on responding to competitive pressures.”
When Is Foreignness an Asset or a Liability? Explaining the Performance Differential Between Foreign and Local Firms (2010, background): “…Parkhe, 2002; Zaheer, 1995; Zaheer & Mosakowski, 1997), those that find the opposite to be the case (Kronborg & Thomsen, 2009; Li & Guisinger, 1991; Nachum, 2003), and yet others that illustrate that there are no performance differences between these firms (Jungnickel, 2002; Mata & Portugal, 2002).”
Global cities and multinational enterprise location strategy (2013, background): “There has been little attention directed toward subcountry-level determinants of the LOF, however, despite the fact that prior research has begun to show that it varies with the specific investment location (Nachum, 2003).”
Employer‐supported volunteering benefits: Gift exchange among employers, employees, and volunteer organizations (2009, unknown): “Given these are formative items, we summed the indicators as this is one appropriate method to determine a formative construct’s estimate (Nachum, 2003).”
Entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation as drivers of product innovation success: A study of exporters from a developing economy (2013, background): “Yet, small businesses operating from developing economies have to manage multiple export market challenges, including difficulties in developing and maintaining market-based resources and capitalizing on successful new products for long-term success (Alpkan et al., 2007; Nachum, 2003; Petersen and P”
Asymmetry of knowledge spillovers between MNCs and host country firms (2007, result): “foreignness in some settings compared with others ( Nachum, 2003 ).”
The regional nature of Japanese multinational business (2008, background): “Clearly there are also links with ‘‘liability of foreignness’’ (LOF) approaches (Hymer, 1960; Nachum, 2003; Zaheer, 1995), which focus on how firms overcome the additional cost disadvantages of international expansion.”
The Location Choice of Foreign Direct Investments: Empirical Evidence and Methodological Challenges (2017, background): “In the absence of such imperfections, the most effective internationalization strategy would be for the competitively advantaged MNE to sell (e.g. license) its knowledge-based assets to foreign firms, who could then apply these assets to their local market without being burdened with LOF.”
The Liabilities of Origin: An Emerging Economy Perspective on the Costs of Doing Business Abroad (2010, unknown): “” Over the years, the role played by the home country context in shaping the competitive advantage of the indigenous MNE has become well-established in the IM literature (Dunning, 1979; Makino et al., 2004; McGahan and Victer, 2010; Nachum, 2003; Porter, 1990).”
Bringing institutions into performance persistence research: Exploring the impact of product, financial, and labor market institutions (2010, background): “As noted earlier, MNEs possess advantages associated with their size and access to multiple locations (e.g., Hymer, 1976; Michel & Shaked, 1986; Nachum, 2003).”
Foreignness and exit over the life cycle of firms (2012, background): “For example, Nachum (2003) observed that foreign financial service firms operating in London were, in general, more successful than British firms, and asserted that the LOF did not exist in there.”
Ownership Strategies and Survival of Foreign Subsidiaries: Impacts of Institutional Distance and Experience (2007, background): “A few other scholars have also found that locally based advantages do not always help in improving the performance of foreign subsidiaries (Nachum, 2003; Zaheer, 1995).”
Local, regional, or global? Quantifying MNE geographic scope (2009, unknown): “The liability of foreignness should be seen not as a universal constant, but as a context-specific variable (Miller & Parkhe, 2002; Nachum, 2003; Zaheer & Mosakowski, 1997).”
The liability of foreignness in capital markets: Sources and remedies (2011, unknown): “…the choice of an appropriate entry mode (Eden & Miller, 2004), a combination of offensive (networking, legitimacy improvement) and defensive (contracts, output standardization) strategies (Luo, Shenkar & Nyaw, 2002) and the use of firm specific resources to outperform local rivals (Nachum, 2003).”