The Korean ‘Examination Hell’: Long Hours of Studying, Distress, and Depression

By Meery Lee, R. Larson. 2000

345 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Safety Research, Social Psychology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/502ef6c543d25745b688ee3fbcf8d9458febbc01

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In Experimental and Cognitive Psychology

In Safety Research

In Social Psychology

Citations in the corpus

Academic Stressors and Anxiety in Children: The Role of Paternal Support (2010, background): “Academic stress, conceptualized as a disturbance induced by a student’s appraisal of academic stressors, is common in children, and often leads to psychological and somatic distress ( Lee and Larson 2000; Lou and Chi 2000).”
Cultural validation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Korean students (2011, background): “Lee and Larson (2000) found that depression among Korean students is highly related to the demands of schoolwork, examinations, and educational achievement.”
Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents (2011, background): “Asian students usually have high academic burden (Lee & Larson, 2000), low satisfaction regarding their academic performance, and high expectations (Crystal et al., 1994) and may suffer more academic stress (Ang & Huan, 2006a; Ang, Huan, & Braman, 2007) than their counterparts in English speaking…”
Gender Differences in the Effects of Strain on the Delinquency of South Korean Youth (2007, background): “…spend most of their time studying in school (usually more than 14 hours a day), and they give up their social and family lives to devote every minute to gaining a good college entrance examination score so they can gain admission to prestigious universities (M. Lee & Larson, 2000; Won, 1989).”
The neglected 95%: why American psychology needs to become less American. (2008, background): “In East Asian countries, peer influences in adolescence are often minimized for a different reason, intense educational pressures (Lee & Larson, 2000).”
‘Your whole life depends on it’: academic stress and high-stakes testing in Ireland (2015, background): “In Korea, research shows that daily experiences of intense academic competition in school were associated with high rates of academic stress and depressive symptoms (Lee and Larson 2000).”
The impact of adolescent concerns on their academic stress (2008, background): “Twelfth‐grade Koreans were also found to spend twice the time completing homework when compared with their twelfth‐grade American counterparts while the latter was found to spend twice as much time socializing and taking part in leisure activities (Lee and Larson 2000 ).”
General Strain Theory and School Bullying (2012, background): “There is empirical evidence that even high-achieving Korean youths suffer from high stress manifested in complaints about school and home, and mental health problems, aggressive impulses, feelings of helplessness, and loss of interest in life (Cho, 1995; Lee & Larson, 2000).”
Longitudinal Investigation into the Role of Perceived Social Support in Adolescents' Academic Motivation and Achievement. (2014, background): “This stress can be summed up by the description of Korea as an “examination hell” (M. Lee & Larson, 2000).”
Differences in Life Satisfaction and School Satisfaction Among Adolescents From Three Nations: The Role of Perceived Autonomy Support (2011, background): “The focus on admission into college and the associated pressure to spend a great deal of time studying and preparing for entrance exams have been cited as possible reasons for the significantly greater level of depression among Korean students as compared with American students (Lee & Larson, 2000).”
General Strain Theory and Delinquency (2008, neutral): “To gain entry into highly competitive universities, students spend most of their time studying for examinations at schools (Lee & Larson, 2000; Won, 1989).”
School stress in India: Effects on time and daily emotions (2002, neutral): “Reed Larson’s work on this manuscript was supported by a Fulbright grant. countries, where psychiatric professionals use the terms ‘‘high school senior symptoms’’ or ‘‘entrance examination symptoms’’ to indicate mental health problems (Lee & Larson, 2000).”
‘It’s up to you’: Experimentally manipulated autonomy support for prosocial behavior improves well-being in two cultures over six weeks (2015, neutral): “Given the stressful academic climate in S. Korea (Lee & Larson, 2000), one possibility is that focusing on academic work was less positive among S. Korean students than among US students (see Figure 1), which resulted in a larger difference between the kindness and control groups among S. Koreans…”