The effects of simultaneous use of careful online planning and task repetition on accuracy, complexity, and fluency in EFL learners’ oral production

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Effects of task repetition on learners’ attention orientation in L2 oral production (2016, background): “…focus on form, oral production, stimulated recall, task repetition I Introduction The effect of repeated task engagement on learners’ performance has been investigated in many previous studies (e.g. Ahmadian & Tavakoli, 2011; Bygate, 1996; Gass, Mackey, Alvarez-Torres, & Fernández-García, 1999).”
TASK REPETITION AND SECOND LANGUAGE SPEECH PROCESSING (2016, methodology): “Of the different forms of planning proposed by Ellis ( 2005 ), rehearsal (or task repetition) has been shown to have the most robust effects on L2 fl uency (Ahmadian & Tavakoli, 2011 ; Arevart & Nation, 1991 , 1993 ; Bygate, 2001 ; Lynch & Maclean, 2000 ; Nation, 1989 ; Wang, 2014 ).”
The Development of Complexity, Accuracy, and Fluency in Second Language Performance: A Longitudinal Study (2017, result): “Some between-group research designs (Yuan and Ellis 2003; Ahmadian and Tavakoli 2011) have found students can have higher accuracy and complexity at the expense of fluency, supporting predictions in Robinson’s Cognition Hypothesis but refuting Skehan’s secondary contrast within form.”