Developing a multidimensional instrument to measure psychic distance stimuli

By Douglas Dow, A. Karunaratna. 2006

870 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Demography, Social Psychology, Strategy and Management

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d25fa9b1fd650f05f4daa9c9cb00f8d704906f1d

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Citations in the corpus

Social ties and international entrepreneurship: Opportunities and constraints affecting firm internationalization (2011, background): “However, this index has been criticized as an inappropriate aggregation of essentially dissimilar cultural indicators (Dow & Karunaratna, 2006).”
Overcoming distrust: How state-owned enterprises adapt their foreign entries to institutional pressures abroad (2014, methodology): “…mode research (Slangen & Hennart, 2007, Estrin et al., 2009, Tihanyi et al., 2005, Zhao et al., 2004), using two measures from Dow’s distance indices (Dow & Karunaratna, 2006), namely democracy and education, as well as geographic distance.10 Since these distance measures are correlated with the…”
Beyond Hofstede and GLOBE: Improving the quality of cross-cultural research (2010, background): “A positive element for future research is that scales are now available that actually allow measuring differences across countries (see, e.g., Dow & Karunaratna, 2006).”
Performance effects of “added cultural distance” in the path of international expansion: the case of German multinational enterprises (2008, background): “Future research should examine the effect of these aspects in the international expansion process, especially as recent research on foreign trade has shown a negative effect of several other forms of distance on the trade flows between countries (Dow & Karunaratna, 2006).”
Distance factors and target market selection: the moderating effect of market potential (2009, background): “Many researchers have used and continue to use cultural and psychic distance interchangeably ( Dow and Karunaratna, 2006”
Does psychic distance moderate the market size–entry sequence relationship? (2008, background): “…to geographic distance, has become one of the most enduring streams of work within the international business domain (Child et al., 2002; Dow, 2000; Dow & Karunaratna, 2006; Engwall & Wallenstål, 1988; Evans & Mavondo, 2002; Nordström & Vahlne, 1994; O’Grady & Lane, 1996; Sousa & Bradley, 2006;…”
Do multinationals really prefer to enter culturally distant countries through greenfields rather than through acquisitions? The role of parent experience and subsidiary autonomy (2007, methodology): “(1) a Euclidean distance version of the Kogut and Singh (1988) index, as used in Chang and Rosenzweig (2001) and Vermeulen and Barkema (2001), and (2) Dow and Karunaratna’s (2006) measure of religious distance.”
Why and how does shared language affect subsidiary knowledge inflows? A social identity perspective (2015, methodology): “and the subsidiary country, building on the composite scale of language distance developed by Dow and Karunaratna (2006). To interpret our results in terms of closeness rather than distance, we subsequently transformed the scale into proximity scores.”
International Integration and Coordination in the Global Factory (2011, background): “1 Other accounts of psychic distance include O’Grady and Lane (1996) on the psychic distance paradox and Dow and Karunaratna (2006) .”
Challenging the Conceptualization and Measurement of Distance and International Experience in Entry Mode Choice Research (2009, methodology): “To test H1, we employed a set of six psychic distance stimuli scales previously developed and validated (Dow and Karunaratna 2006); however, the coverage of these scales has been expanded from the initial set of 38 countries reported in 2006 to a total of 120 countries (though only 50 of those…”