Broad Expression of Toll‐Like Receptors in the Human Central Nervous System

By M. Bsibsi, R. Ravid, D. Gveric, J. V. van Noort. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 2002

992 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Immunology, Neurology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fa2d16b6db9184d2fca9af27478c4d38d6d75d2c

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Immunology

1. M. Block
2. S. Lehnardt
3. Jau-Shyong Hong
4. O. Maier
5. Roman Fischer
6. Yuanqing Liu
7. S. Miller
8. P. Carpentier

In Neurology

1. M. Block
2. S. Lehnardt
3. Jau-Shyong Hong
4. P. Carpentier
5. O. Maier
6. Roman Fischer
7. T. Palmer
8. Fred H. Gage

Citations in the corpus

• Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mechanisms (2007, positive): “Additionally, TLR4 is upregulated upon brain inflammatio”
• A Comparative Review of Toll-Like Receptor 4 Expression and Functionality in Different Animal Species (2014, background): “Neither the mouse astrocytes nor oligodendrocytes do (65).”
• Role of Microglia in Central Nervous System Infections (2004, background): “In this regard, activated microglia have been demonstrated to express TLRs (54, 184, 264), CD14 (280), and mannose receptors (228), all of which”
• TLR Signaling Tailors Innate Immune Responses in Human Microglia and Astrocytes1 (2005, background): “(22) reported variable expression of TLRs 1–8 at the mRNA level in microglia isolated from autopsy cases; astrocytes isolated from the same tissue expressed a more restricted range of TLRs.”
• Toll-like receptor 4 is required for α-synuclein dependent activation of microglia and astroglia (2013, background): “was previously demonstrated (Alfonso-Loeches et al., 2010; Bowman et al., 2003; Bsibsi et al., 2002; Carpentier et al., 2005; El-Hage et al., 2011; Gorina et al., 2011).”
• Innate immunity and neuroinflammation in the CNS: The role of microglia in Toll‐like receptor‐mediated neuronal injury (2009, background): “Innate immune receptors are expressed in brains of patients suffering AD (Liu et al., 2005) or other neurodegenerative diseases (Bsibsi et al., 2002; Walter et al., 2006).”
• Identification of miRNA Changes in Alzheimer's Disease Brain and CSF Yields Putative Biomarkers and Insights into Disease Pathways (2008, positive): “TLRs are expressed in human AD brain and bacterial infection can exacerbate the time to onset of Alzheimer’s disease however there is little direct evidence that TLR pathways are upregulated in AD [7,16].”
• Interrelation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Neurodegenerative Disease: Role of TNF (2015, background): “(TLRs) which are broadly expressed by microglia and astrocytes [2, 74].”
• Microglia Initiate Central Nervous System Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses through Multiple TLRs1 (2004, background): “Interestingly, stimulation with either poly(I:C) (TLR3) or CpG DNA (TLR9) did not lead to increased chemokine expression, and IFN- stimulation only induced marginal up-regulation of chemokine expression.”
• Immune Influence on Adult Neural Stem Cell Regulation and Function (2009, positive): “In the brain, microglia as well as microglia and neurons express TLRs and associated cytoplasmic signaling elements (Bsibsi et al., 2002).”