Butyrate Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Increases Energy Expenditure in Mice
By Zhanguo Gao, Jun-yi Yin, Jin Zhang, R. Ward, Roy J Martin, M. Lefevre, W. Cefalu, Jianping Ye. Diabetes, 2009
2,079 citations recorded by the source corpus.
OBJECTIVE We examined the role of butyric acid, a short-chain fatty acid formed by fermentation in the large intestine, in the regulation of insulin sensitivity in mice fed a high-fat diet. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In dietary-obese C57BL/6J mice, sodium butyrate was administrated through diet supplementation at 5% wt/wt in the high-fat diet. Insulin sensitivity was examined with insulin tolerance testing and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance. Energy metabolism was monitored in a metabolic chamber. Mitochondrial function was investigated in brown adipocytes and skeletal muscle in the mice. RESULTS On the high-fat diet, supplementation of butyrate prevented development of insulin resistance and obesity in C57BL/6 mice. Fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and insulin tolerance were all preserved in the treated mice. Body fat content was maintained at 10% without a reduction in food intake. Adaptive thermogenesis and fatty acid oxidation were enhanced. An increase in mitochondrial function and biogenesis was observed in skeletal muscle and brown fat. The type I fiber was enriched in skeletal muscle. Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α expression was elevated at mRNA and protein levels. AMP kinase and p38 activities were elevated. In the obese mice, supplementation of butyrate led to an increase in insulin sensitivity and a reduction in adiposity. CONCLUSIONS Dietary supplementation of butyrate can prevent and treat diet-induced insulin resistance in mouse. The mechanism of butyrate action is related to promotion of energy expenditure and induction of mitochondria function.
Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ef4ad1cd2e8ce827ba438f04175f6a0cdc0fa49e
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Citations in the corpus
- Beneficial Metabolic Effects of a Probiotic via Butyrate-induced GLP-1 Hormone Secretion* (2013, background): “Butyrate exhibits beneficial metabolic effects in the context of obesity and insulin resistance (46, 47), and a recent metagenomic study on obese versus lean subjects showed that butyrate-producing bacterial abundance was substantially decreased in obese subjects (48).”
- Metabolomics for Investigating Physiological and Pathophysiological Processes. (2019, background): “Studies in mice have shown that SCFAs increase the 5=-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity in the liver (161).”
- From the gut to the peripheral tissues: the multiple effects of butyrate (2010, positive): “Nevertheless, when ingested with the diet, in specific conditions, butyrate would be measurable in peripheral blood (95) and seems to be able to act on peripheral organs (skeletal muscle, brown adipose tissue, liver, etc).”
- Akkermansia Muciniphila Protects Against Atherosclerosis by Preventing Metabolic Endotoxemia-Induced Inflammation in Apoe −/− Mice (2016, background): “butyric acid improves the metabolic profiles in a dietary obese murine model.(8) A high-fat diet increases gut permeability and”
- Microbiota-generated metabolites promote metabolic benefits via gut-brain neural circuits. (2014, positive): “How could an increase in energy harvest be reconciled with a benefit on energy homeostasis? Recent studies have described a role of butyrate in enhancing energy expenditure (Gao et al., 2009; Lin et al., 2012), but mechanistic insights into how this is achieved are less understood.”
- Dietary Gut Microbial Metabolites, Short-chain Fatty Acids, and Host Metabolic Regulation (2015, background): “With regard to the energy metabolism, butyrate improved insulin sensitivity and increased the energy expenditure in dietary-obese mice [24].”
- From Dietary Fiber to Host Physiology: Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Key Bacterial Metabolites. (2016, positive): “Mice fed a butyrate-enriched high-fat diet have increased thermogenesis and energy expenditure and are resistant to obesity (Gao et al., 2009).”
- Intestinal Short Chain Fatty Acids and their Link with Diet and Human Health (2016, background): “We summarize the current knowledge about the production of SCFA, including bacterial cross-feedings interactions, and the biological properties of these metabolites with impact on the human health.”
- Adipose Tissue Distribution, Inflammation and Its Metabolic Consequences, Including Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease (2020, background): “Health benefits of giving SCFA to obese rodents include weight loss (712), improved glucose metabolism, reduced inflammation (716–719), and reduced LDL-cholesterol (720, 721), among others.”