INFERENCE PROBLEMS WITH HIERARCHICAL MULTIPLE REGRESSION-BASED TESTS OF MEDIATING EFFECTS

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Mediational Inferences in Organizational Research (2008, methodology): “Threats to this presumed sequence, or specification errors, remain as perhaps the biggest Achilles heal for mediational designs (cf. Cole & Maxwell, 2003; Mathieu & Taylor, 2006; Maxwell & Cole, 2007; Spencer, Zanna, & Fong, 2005; Stone-Romero & Rosopa, 2004).”
Social exchange from the supervisor’s perspective: Employee trustworthiness as a predictor of interpersonal and informational justice (2013, background): “vein, Stone-Romero and Rosopa (2004) have asserted that longitudinal or experimental data is needed to confirm mediation.”
Mediation Testing in Management Research (2008, unknown): “We acknowledge that the very definition of mediation implies causality, and some statisticians argue that conditions for causality are required for valid inferences of mediation (Stone-Romero & Rosopa, 2004).”
Trust, trustworthiness, and trust propensity: a meta-analytic test of their unique relationships with risk taking and job performance. (2007, background): “This limitation is particularly relevant to our mediation analyses, given that the term mediation presumes a specific causal direction (Stone-Romero & Rosopa, 2004).”