Bacterial metabolism and health‐related effects of galacto‐oligosaccharides and other prebiotics

By G. Macfarlane, H. Steed, S. Macfarlane. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2007

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Prebiotics: Definition, Types, Sources, Mechanisms, and Clinical Applications (2019, background): “This type of GOS is also termed as trans-galacto-oligosaccharides or TOS [19,27].”
Bifidobacteria and Butyrate-Producing Colon Bacteria: Importance and Strategies for Their Stimulation in the Human Gut (2016, background): “…in galacto-oligosaccharides), glucose (as in isomaltooligosaccharides), galactose and fructose (as in lactulose), xylose (as in XOS), and arabinose and xylose (as in AX and AXOS) (Roberfroid, 2005; Macfarlane et al., 2008; Broekaert et al., 2011; De Vuyst and Leroy, 2011; De Vuyst et al., 2014).”
Impacts of Gut Bacteria on Human Health and Diseases (2015, background): “These prebiotics mostly target bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, which are two kinds of probiotics [44].”
Human milk oligosaccharides: every baby needs a sugar mama. (2012, background): “Despite their structural differences compared to HMO, ingestion of GOS and FOS influences the microbiota composition in the infant’s feces and provides other benefits that are extensively reviewed elsewhere (Seifert and Watzl 2007; Boehm and Moro 2008; Macfarlane et al. 2008; Rijnierse et al. 2011).”
Effect of stachyose, raffinose and soya-saponins supplementation on nutrient digestibility, digestive enzymes, gut morphology and growth performance in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L) (2011, background): “These effects seem to be largely mediated by SCFA (Macfarlane et al., 2008).”