Effects of graded levels of standard soybean meal on intestinal structure, mucosal enzyme activities, and pancreatic response in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

By Å. Krogdahl, A. Bakke-McKellep, G. Baeverfjord. 2003

679 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Duplicate tanks of c.280 g Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) were fed for 60 days on diets in which fishmeal was substituted with graded levels of extracted soybean meal (SBM) comprising 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% or 35% of total protein. The effects on feed intake, growth, feed conversion, apparent digestibility and utilization of macronutrients and energy, pathohistological response of the distal intestine (DI), activities of digestive enzymes in the mid and distal intestinal mucosa, and faecal trypsin and plasma insulin concentrations were studied. A negative, dose-dependent effect of SBM was observed on nearly all performance parameters with a notable exception of feed intake. The lowest SBM inclusion level of 10% resulted in moderate pathohistological changes in the DI. Each subsequent increase in SBM level increased the number of fish displaying severe changes. In contrast to the mid-intestine (MI), all enzyme activities in the distal intestinal mucosa decreased dose-dependently with increasing SBM inclusion. Faecal trypsin increased up to an SBM inclusion level of 20% and then levelled off. Plasma insulin increased from 0% to 15% SBM inclusion and then decreased. The results suggest that caution should be exercised in the use of even low levels of extracted SBM in salmon feeds.

Subfields: Aquatic Science, Immunology, Physiology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/50c44e046b7db5c99a306b3e072028712b6c11b7

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Citations in the corpus

High level of dietary pea protein concentrate induces enteropathy in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) (2011, background): “The activities of brush-border membrane bound alkaline phosphatase (ALP), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and maltase activities were determined in mid and distal intestinal tissue homogenates as described by Krogdahl et al (2003).”
DIGESTIVE EFFICIENCY, GROWTH AND QUALITIES OF MUSCLE AND OOCYTE IN ATLANTIC SALMON (SALMO SALAR L.) FED ON DIETS WITH KRILL MEAL AS AN ALTERNATIVE PROTEIN SOURCE (2007, positive): “The enzyme specific activity in unit per mg protein (current work) is more suitable than the unit per fecal weight (Krogdahl et al. 2003), as the enzyme specific activity values would relate positively to the digestive efficiency and growth of the fish.”
Increasing dietary plant proteins affects growth performance and ammonia excretion but not digestibility and gut histology in turbot (Psetta maxima) juveniles (2011, methodology): “, 1998), increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) (Krogdahl et al., 2003; Refstie et al., 1998), reduced protein utilization (Opstvedt et al.”
The effect of increasing inclusion rates of soybean, pea and canola meals and their protein concentrates on the growth of rainbow trout: Concepts in diet formulation and experimental design for ingredient evaluation (2012, background): “, 2009) and increased enterocyte turnover (Baeverfjord and Krogdahl, 1996; Bakke-McKellep et al., 2000; Krogdahl et al., 2003).”
Potential of insect-based diets for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (2018, methodology): “The leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) activity was determined using L-leucine-β-naphthylamide as substrate (Krogdahl et al., 2003).”
Severity of soybean meal induced distal intestinal inflammation, enterocyte proliferation rate, and fatty acid binding protein (Fabp2) level differ between strains of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (2012, background): “…and apoptosis, lack of absorptive vacuoles, widening of lamina propria, leucocyte infiltration, reduced brush border enzyme activity, and activation of the immune system (Baeverfjord and Krogdahl, 1996; Bakke-McKellep et al., 2000, 2005, 2007; Krogdahl et al., 2003; vandenIngh et al., 1991).”