There is no coherent evidence for a bilingual advantage in executive processing.

By K. Paap, Zachery Greenberg. Cognitive Psychology, 2013

1,013 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Cognitive Neuroscience, Developmental and Educational Psychology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/365c98d3cf46154fcb6b34ba207fafd52306b887

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Citations in the corpus

The Bilingual Adaptation: How Minds Accommodate Experience (2017, methodology): “These results, however, were more precarious than those found for children and sometimes were not found for young adults (e.g., Bialystok et al., 2005a; Paap & Greenberg, 2013) or emerged only for the most complex conditions (e.g., Costa et al., 2009).”
The bilingual advantage in phonetic learning* (2014, background): “Recently, some authors have questioned the reliability of the reported cognitive effects of bilingualism, particularly concerning which specific cognitive processes generate these advantages (Duñabeitia, Hernández, Antón, Macizo, Estévez, Fuentes & Carreiras, 2014; Paap & Greenberg, 2013).”
The influence of language-switching experience on the bilingual executive control advantage* (2015, background): “Interestingly, the bilingual executive control advantage was also recently challenged by a large study by Paap and Greenberg (2013).”
Bilingual advantages in executive functioning either do not exist or are restricted to very specific and undetermined circumstances. (2015, background): “The convergent validity across these measures of monitoring has been examined in the three studies conducted by Paap and Greenberg (2013) and a fourth study reported in Paap and Sawi (2014).”
Bilingualism and cognition (2014, background): “Individuals who show a low cost of incongruency on the Simon do not show a similarly low cost on the flanker (e.g., Humphrey & Valian, 2012; Paap & Greenberg, 2013; J. Van Hell, personal communication, 30 Dec 2012).”
Understanding the Consequences of Bilingualism for Language Processing and Cognition (2013, background): “An illustration of this problem can be seen in the recent paper by Paap and Greenberg (2013) in which they call into question all evidence for bilingual advantages in executive function.”
Examining the effects of active versus inactive bilingualism on executive control in a carefully matched non-immigrant sample (2015, neutral): “The issue of immigration, however, also plays a role in studies that have not found effects of bilingualism (e.g., Paap & Greenberg, 2013).”
The Advantages of Bilingualism Debate (2019, background): “Following publication of a study in which young adults did not show a bilingual advantage on the antisaccade, Simon, Flanker, and color–shape tasks (Paap & Greenberg 2013), Paap became a vocal critic of the bilingual advantage case.”
Do Bilinguals Have an Advantage in Theory of Mind? A Meta-Analysis (2018, result): “Yet, several recent studies have failed to replicate this finding (Morton and Harper, 2007; Paap and Greenberg, 2013; Antón et al., 2014), leading many researchers to doubt its validity (de Bruin et al.”
Where is the bilingual advantage in task-switching? (2013, methodology): “However, up to date, few studies have compared the task-switching performance of bilingual and monolingual adult individuals (Garbin et al., 2010; Paap & Greenberg, 2013; Prior & Gollan, 2011; Prior & MacWhinney, 2010).”
No compelling evidence for a bilingual advantage in switching or that frequent language switching reduces switch cost (2017, methodology): “In our earlier work (Paap & Greenberg, 2013; Paap & Sawi, 2014) using the same participant pool and recruiting methods, we found a similar bilingual disadvantage on PED, but the correlations between PED andmeasures of monitoring, inhibitory control, and switching were always non-significant and…”
Are bilingual advantages dependent upon specific tasks or specific bilingual experiences? (2014, methodology): “…trials from the standard mixed block of both congruent and incongruent trials and a pure block of neutral (control) trials is sometimes used.1 Paap and Greenberg (2013) reviewed several studies conducted after the Hilchey and Klein’s review and there were no significant advantages on any…”
The role of componential analysis, categorical hypothesising, replicability and confirmation bias in testing for bilingual advantages in executive functioning (2014, methodology): “What is somewhat novel is using these difficult methodological problems to dismiss experiments that yield null results (e.g., Paap & Greenberg, 2013) whereas expressing no fault with categorical hypothesising that yields bilingual advantages.”
Describing bilinguals: A systematic review of labels and descriptions used in the literature between 2005–2015 (2017, neutral): “This assumption may not be accurate in studies where "monolingual" refers to participants with inconsistent second language usage or relatively lower self-reported second language proficiency (Alvarado & Jameson, 2011; Paap & Greenberg, 2013; Park & Ziegler, 2014).”