De novo conditioning in trauma-exposed individuals with and without posttraumatic stress disorder.

By Scott P. Orr, L. Metzger, N. Lasko, M. L. Macklin, T. Peri, R. Pitman. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 2000

645 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Behavioral Neuroscience, Clinical Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/23e7810be73b682b90bf46aecc884a8fa36cf0ca

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Citations in the corpus

Neurobiological Basis of Failure to Recall Extinction Memory in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (2009, methodology): “Psychophysiological Measures As previously described (40,51,54), SCR for each CS trial was calculated by subtracting the mean skin conductance level during the 2 sec before CS onset (during which the context alone was being presented) from the highest skin conductance level during the 6-sec CS durat”
Plastic Synaptic Networks of the Amygdala for the Acquisition, Expression, and Extinction of Conditioned Fear (2010, neutral): “Moreover, human subjects with anxiety disorders exhibit abnormalities in the acquisition and extinction of conditioned fear responses (144, 306, 343).”
Psychological theories of posttraumatic stress disorder. (2003, background): “More recently Orr et al. (2000) have shown that people with PTSD develop conditioned responses more readily to aversive events in general and that these responses are harder to extinguish.”
The Neurocircuitry of Fear, Stress, and Anxiety Disorders (2011, background): “Indeed, some studies have reported impaired extinction in several anxiety disorders, such as PTSD (Blechert et al, 2007; Milad et al, 2008; Orr et al, 2000; Peri et al, 2000; Wessa and Flor, 2007).”
Neurocircuitry models of posttraumatic stress disorder and extinction: human neuroimaging research--past, present, and future. (2006, background): “Of note, in the psychophysiology laboratory setting, investigators have already shown that subjects with PTSD exhibit exaggerated de novo fear conditioning as well as deficits in fear extinction learning (e.g., Orr et al 2000).”
Neural Mechanisms of Extinction Learning and Retrieval (2008, background): “In patients with PTSD, deficits in fear extinction are observed (Peri et al, 2000; Orr et al, 2000), and are thought to contribute to the persistence of this disorder (Charney et al, 1993).”
Fear extinction in rats: implications for human brain imaging and anxiety disorders. (2006, background): “Fear conditioning reliably increases skin conductance and heart rate responses to the CS (for example, see Orr et al., 2000; Grillon and Ameli, 2001), and this occurs to a greater extent in persons with PTSD (Orr et al., 2000).”
Neuroticism and avoidance of ambiguous stimuli: Better safe than sorry? (2010, methodology): “To withstand these problems, this study uses a de novo conditioning task (based on Orr et al., 2000).”
Smaller hippocampal volume predicts pathologic vulnerability to psychological trauma (2002, background): “As a vulnerability factor for PTSD, smaller hippocampal volume might therefore predispose individuals to acquire stronger and/or more persistent conditioned emotional responses, or stronger hormonal stress responses, when exposed to a traumatic even”
An fMRI study of anterior cingulate function in posttraumatic stress disorder. (2001, positive): “Our study and previous research have provided evidence consistent with a failure to activate part of medial prefrontal cortex (rostral ACC) in PTSD. Interestingly, subjects with PTSD exhibit slowed extinction after fear conditioning compared with control subjects without PTSD (Orr et al 2000).”
Trauma exposure and post‐traumatic stress disorder in the general population (2005, background): “PTSD has been linked to an enhanced conditionability (58) and, if women displayed enhanced conditionability when compared with men, it might qualify as a possible gender-specific mechanism.”
UPDATED META‐ANALYSIS OF CLASSICAL FEAR CONDITIONING IN THE ANXIETY DISORDERS (2015, background): “There are two primary ways by which fear conditioning might result in pathological anxiety: (1) enhanced acquisition of the fear response to the CS+ and/or to nonreinforced CS− conditions and (2) reduced fear extinction, or a combination of these processes.[6, 7, 10, 15, 16] Prospective studies supp”
Classical fear conditioning in the anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis. (2005, background): “Additionally, we tested the competing predictions regarding discrimination learning with larger and smaller levels of discrimination learning among controls supporting the perspectives of Davis et al. (2000) and Orr et al. (2000), respectively.”
Recall of fear extinction in humans activates the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in concert. (2007, methodology): “The SCR score was calculated as previously described (Milad et al. 2005a; Orr et al. 2000; Pitman and Orr 1986).”