Recall of fear extinction in humans activates the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in concert.

By Mohammed R. Milad, Christopher I. Wright, Scott P. Orr, R. Pitman, Gregory J. Quirk, Scott L. Rauch. Biological Psychiatry, 2007

1,157 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Clinical Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/27c5a2af9059f7a632b2170e9dc8efc7ad84a1a4

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Citations in the corpus

How Does Mindfulness Meditation Work? Proposing Mechanisms of Action From a Conceptual and Neural Perspective (2011, neutral): “Functional connectivity analysis reveals that the vmPFC and hippocampus work in concert during extinction recall to inhibit fear, suggesting that they comprise a network that mediates the expression of extinction memory in the appropriate context (Milad et al., 2007).”
Emotion Regulation and the Anxiety Disorders: An Integrative Review (2010, background): “Milad et al. (2007) and Phelps et al. (2004) engaged participants in a fear-conditioning paradigm, in which the unconditioned stimulus (US) was a mild but painful shock, during fMRI testing.”
A meta-analysis of heart rate variability and neuroimaging studies: implications for heart rate variability as a marker of stress and health. (2012, background): “Studies in healthy umans suggest reciprocal inhibition between regions of the PFC nd the amygdala (Delgado et al., 2008; Milad et al., 2007; Schiller t al., 2008).”
Neural Circuitry Underlying the Regulation of Conditioned Fear and Its Relation to Extinction (2008, neutral): “…chose a paradigm where the procedure (fear conditioning) and dependent measure (physiological arousal) were identical to an extinction protocol (Phelps et al., 2004) and typical in studies of extinction (Knight et al., 2004; Milad et al., 2005, 2007a), while integrating a cognitive emotion Neuron.”
Targeting abnormal neural circuits in mood and anxiety disorders: from the laboratory to the clinic (2007, background): “The areas most reproducibly found to be dysregulated in common emotional disorders are the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and subgenual cingulate cortex (Cg25), which seem to be involved in emotion experience and processing, as well as the subcortical hippocampus and amygdala, which are involved in emotion”
Mindfulness practice leads to increases in regional brain gray matter density (2010, background): “The hippocampus is known to be critically involved in learning and memory processes (Squire, 1992), and in the modulation of emotional control (Corcoran et al., 2005; Milad et al., 2007), while the insula has been postulated to play a key role in the process of awareness (Craig, 2009) — functions wh”
Fear extinction and relapse: state of the art. (2013, background): “This has been further supported by more recent studies with panic disorder patients (Michael et al. 2007), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients (Blechert et al. 2007; Milad et al. 2007, 2009), and children with anxiety disorders (Craske et al. 2008).”
Plastic Synaptic Networks of the Amygdala for the Acquisition, Expression, and Extinction of Conditioned Fear (2010, neutral): “Overall, the available data indicate that extinction learning and expression relies on a tripartite synaptic circuit, including the amygdala for storing of both conditioned fear and extinction, the hippocampus for processing of contextual information, and the infralimbic region of the mPFC for the c”
Phasic and sustained fear in humans elicits distinct patterns of brain activity (2010, neutral): “Consistent with animal research centrally implicating the amygdala in cued fear conditioning and extinction, neuroimaging studies in humans have likewise implicated the amygdala in fear acquisition and extinction (Buchel et al., 1998; LaBar et al., 1998; Milad et al., 2007; Phelps et al., 2004).”
Working Memory: Theories, Models, and Controversies (2015, neutral): “DTI: diffusion tensor imaging activated together with the vmPFC during recall of extinction and is sensitive to changes in visual context (Milad et al. 2007b).”
Tonic Inhibitory Control of Dentate Gyrus Granule Cells by α5-Containing GABAA Receptors Reduces Memory Interference (2015, methodology): “…a behavior pattern that reflects impairment in managing interference, we relied on a long line of research showing that retrieval of memories is a strongly contextdependent process (Spear, 1973; Tulving, 1974; Bouton, 1993; Millin and Riccio, 2004; Bouton et al., 2006; Yoon et al., 2011).”
Don't fear ‘fear conditioning’: Methodological considerations for the design and analysis of studies on human fear acquisition, extinction, and return of fear (2017, neutral): “Durng the retention test, the CS + E, CS + U, and CS- are presented in he same phase to assess CRs to the CS + E compared to the CS + U Milad et al., 2007b).”
Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-transcendence (S-ART): a framework for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness (2012, background): “biological disposit ions proving to increase the time or number of trials necessary f or extinction and sensit ivity to old f ear-based associations (Milad et al., 2007).”
UPDATED META‐ANALYSIS OF CLASSICAL FEAR CONDITIONING IN THE ANXIETY DISORDERS (2015, background): “Human imaging studies have translated the rodent findings that activation of ventromedial parts of the prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is instrumental in regulating conditioned fear responding both during extinction training, and during extinction recall.[48, 49] Hypoactivation of vmPFC observed in patien”