BICS and CALP: Empirical and Theoretical Status of the Distinction

By J. Cummins. 2015

635 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Language and Linguistics, Literature and Literary Theory

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d032e468026f45f0d0537521e4d0caf7762200a9

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Language and Linguistics

1. C. Dobbs
2. C. Barr
3. Emily Phillips Galloway
4. Alejandra Meneses
5. P. Uccelli
6. Kate Menken

In Literature and Literary Theory

1. C. Dobbs
2. Emily Phillips Galloway
3. Alejandra Meneses
4. C. Barr
5. P. Uccelli
6. Kate Menken

Citations in the corpus

• Beyond Vocabulary: Exploring Cross-Disciplinary Academic-Language Proficiency and Its Association With Reading Comprehension (2015, background): “…BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills) or everyday colloquial language proficiency; and CALP (Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency), which refers to “students' ability to understand and express…concepts and ideas that are relevant to success in schools" (Cummins, 2008, p. 487).”
• Emergent bilingual students in secondary school: Along the academic language and literacy continuum (2013, background): “Cummins (1981, 2008) drew the influential distinction between basic interpersonal communication skills (BICS) and cognitive academic language proficiency skills (CALP).”