Characterization of the Human Upper Gastrointestinal Contents Under Conditions Simulating Bioavailability/Bioequivalence Studies

By Lida Kalantzi, K. Goumas, V. Kalioras, B. Abrahamsson, J. Dressman, C. Reppas. Pharmaceutical Research, 2006

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In vitro human digestion models for food applications (2011, background): “, 2006) and 12 mM (Kalantzi et al., 2006).”
Dissolution Media Simulating Conditions in the Proximal Human Gastrointestinal Tract: An Update (2008, background): “Surface tension is constant after meal intake, remaining between 30 and 31 mN/m (25).”
Measurements of rat and mouse gastrointestinal pH, fluid and lymphoid tissue, and implications for in‐vivo experiments (2008, result): “This suggested that the fed state of the animal had no effect on intestinal pH, which is similar to the situation in man, where the small intestinal and colonic pH are variable, but differences are not largely associated with the fed or fasted states (Kalantzi et al 2006).”
PBPK models for the prediction of in vivo performance of oral dosage forms. (2014, background): “Following food intake, gastric pH almost instantaneously increases to between 4 and 7, depending on the nature of the meal (Apostolopoulos et al., 2006; Carver et al., 1999; Dressman et al., 1990; Kalantzi et al., 2006a).”