The Ambivalent Sexism Inventory : Differentiating Hostile and Benevolent Sexism

By Pam Flaskrud, Kari Dietzler, Ingrid Niehans, J. Jenkins, M. McClellan, David E. Rivas, A. Cobb, Richard Fernando da Silva, J. Honikman, R. Grace and 5 more. 2001

2,074 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Evaluation & Benchmarks

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Citations in the corpus

ToxiGen: A Large-Scale Machine-Generated Dataset for Adversarial and Implicit Hate Speech Detection (2022, background): “We ask readers whether statements were likely intended to be harmful ( HARMFUL I NTENT ), since some biased statements can be positively intended (e.g., benevolent sexism; Glick and Fiske, 1996).”
Man is to Computer Programmer as Woman is to Homemaker? Debiasing Word Embeddings (2016, background): “Glick and Fiske [13] introduce the notion of benevolent sexism in which women are perceived with positive traits such as helpful or intimacy-seeking.”
Penalizing Men Who Request a Family Leave: Is Flexibility Stigma a Femininity Stigma? (2013, background): “…causes (i.e., male feminists) were viewed as higher in femininity and lower in masculinity than either a male biologist or a benevolent sexist (Glick & Fiske, 1996), suggesting that defending women’s rights can weaken men’s gender identity in the eyes of observers (Rudman, Mescher, &…”
Reinforcing the Glass Ceiling: The Consequences of Hostile Sexism for Female Managerial Candidates (2004, methodology): “Sexism can take many forms (Glick & Fiske, 1996; Swim, Aikin, Hall, & Hunter, 1995; Tougas, Brown, Beaton, & Joly, 1995), and it is important to understand more about how sexist attitudes may affect reactions to women in different social and organizational contexts.”
A SOCIAL IDENTITY MODEL OF LEADERSHIP EFFECTIVENESS IN ORGANIZATIONS (2003, background): “Participants were divided into higher and lower scorers on the hostile sexism sub-scale of Glick and Fiske’s (1996)Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, to identify those who had more or less traditional sex-role attitudes.”
Status and Distrust: The Relevance of Inequality and Betrayal Aversion (2007, positive): “women as objects to protect and treasure ( Glick & Fiske, 1996 ), but also as inferior”
Bad Apples, Bad Barrels, and Broken Followers? An Empirical Examination of Contextual Influences on Follower Perceptions and Reactions to Aversive Leadership (2011, methodology): “, 1998), locus of control (Spector, 1988), and ambivalent sexism (Glick and Fiske, 1996), as well as various demographic variables including gender, prior leadership experience, and exposure to leadership research.”
Gender Bias in STEM Fields (2016, result): “This possibility is consistent with theory and research indicating that women may encounter negative reactions when they violate hierarchies in which men tend to hold positions of power (e.g., Glick & Fiske, 1996; Rudman et al., 2012).”
Video Game Characters and the Socialization of Gender Roles: Young People’s Perceptions Mirror Sexist Media Depictions (2007, background): “Ambivalent Sexism Theory (AST; Glick and Fiske 1996, 1999; Glick et al. 2004) begins with the premise that inherent in our social structure is a power hierarchy where men are dominant and women submissive.”
In the Eye of the Beholder: Do Behavior and Character Affect Victim and Perpetrator Responsibility for Acquaintance Rape? (2009, methodology): “The Hostile Sexism subscale categorizes sexist opposition of the female sex; while the Benevolent Sexism subscale represents a more positive outlook of the female sex (Glick & Fiske, 1996).”
Mixed Signals: The Unintended Effects of Diversity Initiatives (2019, background): “…practices, the presence (vs. absence) of diversity initiatives led to greater perceived fairness and reduced perceptions of discrimination only among women high in benevolent sexism (a belief that women adhering to traditional gender roles should be protected and valued; Glick & Fiske, 1996).”
Breast is Best…But Not Everywhere: Ambivalent Sexism and Attitudes Toward Private and Public Breastfeeding (2009, methodology): “At the end of the ASI, participants provided demographic information regarding gender, age, occupation, level of education, and parental status.”
Thinking Well of African Americans: Measuring Complimentary Stereotypes and Negative Prejudice (2006, methodology): “To examine the extent to which negative prejudice and complimentary stereotypes toward Blacks corresponded to similar constructs of hostile and benevolent sexism, participants in Samples 2 and 4 completed the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (Glick & Fiske, 1996).”
Confronting prejudice: The who, what, and why of confrontation effectiveness (2013, background): “Contemporary norms surrounding racism suggest that it is a more serious problem than sexism (see Glick & Fiske, 1996, 2001; Rodin, Price, Bryson, & Sanchez, 1990).”