An Empirical Analysis and Extension of the Bartlett and Ghoshal Typology of Multinational Companies

By Anne-Wil Harzing. 2000

459 citations recorded by the source corpus.

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bb707ec207c505e7e32291145fa1ce71cb4918fb

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Strategy and Management

Citations in the corpus

MNC strategy and social adaptation in emerging markets (2014, unknown): “Economic adaptation is defined as MNC approaches to adjust pre-existing knowledge and solutions in product development, marketing mix, and human resource policies that would hold direct operational implications in local conditions (Harzing, 2000; Klein, 2002; London & Hart, 2004).”
Understanding Agency Problems in Headquarters-Subsidiary Relationships in Multinational Corporations: A Contextualized Model (2018, background): “In this paper, we follow other scholars and do not explore the international model as it is less well defined than the other archetypes and lacks empirical evidence (Harzing, 2000).”
A systematic literature review on the definitions of global mindset and cultural intelligence – merging two different research streams (2017, methodology): “Based on the typology of international companies by Bartlett and Ghoshal (1989), Harzing (2000) distinguished three types of multinational companies in her empirical analysis: global companies operate in industries with relatively stable and homogeneous consumer needs enabling companies to realize…”
Global Talent Management and Performance in Multinational Enterprises: A Multilevel Perspective (2018, background): “We exclude the international strategy, which received neither significant empirical nor conceptual support (Harzing, 2000), and the regional strategy, which has similar theoretical logic and implications as those of the multi-domestic strategy.”
Firms in Territories: A Relational Perspective* (2001, methodology): ““This administrative 8 Harzing (2000) provides some empirical validation of Bartlett and Ghoshal’s basic organizational typology, using data from 166 subsidiaries of 37 companies headquartered in 9 countries. heritage represent[s] both a major asset and a powerful impediment in the change process”…”
Export propensity and intensity of subsidiaries in emerging economies (2008, unknown): “multinational vs. transnational vs. international vs. global strategy (Bartlett & Ghoshal, 1989; Harzing, 2000 ).”
Corporate social responsibility in the multinational enterprise: strategic and institutional approaches (2006, methodology): “Specifying three clusters was appropriate given the theoretical framework and prior work of Harzing (2000).”
Transnational Corporate Social Responsibility: A Tri-Dimensional Approach to International CSR Research (2005, methodology): “We propose that studies along the line of those conducted by Leong and Tan (1993) and Harzing (2000) would be quite useful in determining whether the four strategic CSR types are in fact empirically identifiable, and thus in refining the first dimension even further.”
A Road Well Traveled: The Past, Present, and Future Journey of Strategic Human Resource Management (2017, background): “Endogenous factors, those housed within the organization, may include organizational structures (Bartlett & Ghoshal 1998, Harzing 2000), headquarters’ attitudes regarding international operations (e.g., ethnocentric, polycentric, or geocentric), corporate strategy, and international experience of…”