The Expanded Biology of Serotonin

By Miles Berger, J. A. Gray, Bryan L. Roth. Annual Review of Medicine, 2009

1,924 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Serotonin is perhaps best known as a neurotransmitter that modulates neural activity and a wide range of neuropsychological processes, and drugs that target serotonin receptors are used widely in psychiatry and neurology. However, most serotonin is found outside the central nervous system, and virtually all of the 15 serotonin receptors are expressed outside as well as within the brain. Serotonin regulates numerous biological processes including cardiovascular function, bowel motility, ejaculatory latency, and bladder control. Additionally, new work suggests that serotonin may regulate some processes, including platelet aggregation, by receptor-independent, transglutaminase-dependent covalent linkage to cellular proteins. We review this new “expanded serotonin biology” and discuss how drugs targeting specific serotonin receptors are beginning to help treat a wide range of diseases.

Subfields: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Biology, Pharmacology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/baab5bfde580a4e4aca396cea54813f39e102b68

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Citations in the corpus

Influence of Tryptophan and Serotonin on Mood and Cognition with a Possible Role of the Gut-Brain Axis (2016, background): “Multiple serotonin receptors have been found, with receptor families from 5-HT1 to 5-HT7 [12,13].”
Structural Features for Functional Selectivity at Serotonin Receptors (2013, background): “The 5-HT1B receptor inhibits cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production through Gi, the 5HT2B receptor mediates phospholipase C activation through Gq, and the 5-HT7A receptor stimulates cAMP production through Gs (13).”
Biomedical Importance of Indoles (2013, background): “Indole compounds that carry substituents, especially a hydroxy group, on the benzene ring include serotonin [7] (8, Figure 2) which is a vasoconstrictor hormone that plays a part in conducting impulses to the brain.”
Minireview: Gut microbiota: the neglected endocrine organ. (2014, background): “Moreover, its physiological repertoire is extensive with a widespread receptor distribution and extends to cardiovascular function including blood pressure regulation (133), bladder control, and platelet aggregation (134).”
Serotonin, serotonin receptors and their actions in insects (2014, background): “Approximately 80-90% of the human body’s total 5-HT is located in the enterochromaffin cells of the gut, where it is used to regulate intestinal motility ([32,33]).”
Metabolomics for Investigating Physiological and Pathophysiological Processes. (2019, background): “Quantitative metabolomic studies have shown that more than 90% of the body’s serotonin and 50% of its dopamine is made in the gut (39, 132, 531).”
Platelet-Rich Plasma: New Performance Understandings and Therapeutic Considerations in 2020 (2020, background): “However, most 5-HT is found outside the CNS (peripheral 5-HT), where it is involved in regulating systemic and cellular biological functions in multiple organ systems, including the cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and platelet functional systems (125).”
Kynurenine pathway metabolism and the microbiota‐gut‐brain axis (2017, background): “As outlined above, the gut microbiota has been shown to influence an array of behaviours in preclinical, and to a lesser degree, clinical studies, many of which are also influenced by the 5-HT system (Berger et al., 2009).”
X-ray structures and mechanism of the human serotonin transporter (2016, background): “Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) modulates the activity of the central nervous system as well as processes throughout the body ranging from cardiovascular function to digestion, body temperature, endocrinology and reproduction(1).”
Physiological roles of tryptophan in teleosts: current knowledge and perspectives for future studies (2019, background): “Upon 175 activation, these cells release the indoleamine which then mediates several actions from 176 vasodilation or vasoconstriction (Berger et al., 2009) to neutrophil recruitment 177 (Duerschmied et al., 2013).”
Breaking down the barriers: the gut microbiome, intestinal permeability and stress-related psychiatric disorders (2015, background): “The largest reserve of 5-HT is located in enterochromaffin cells (Berger et al., 2009).”
Neurotransmitter modulation by the gut microbiota (2018, background): “Serotonin is involved in regulating numerous physiological processes, including gastrointestinal secretion and peristalsis, respiration, vasoconstriction, behavior, and neurological function (Berger et al., 2009; Gershon and Tack, 2007).”
Non-protein amino acids: plant, soil and ecosystem interactions (2011, background): “the intestine (Berger et al. 2009).”
Neurochemistry of Visual Attention (2021, background): “Accordingly, it has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several psychiatric and neurological disorders (Berger et al., 2009).”