Controlled physical random functions

By Blaise Gassend, Dwaine E. Clarke, Marten van Dijk, Srini Devadas. 18th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference, 2002. Proceedings., 2002

450 citations recorded by the source corpus.

A physical random function (PUF) is a random function that can only be evaluated with the help of a complex physical system. We introduce controlled physical random functions (CPUFs) which are PUFs that can only be accessed via an algorithm that is physically bound to the PUF in an inseparable way. CPUFs can be used to establish a shared secret between a physical device and a remote user. We present protocols that make this possible in a secure and flexible way, even in the case of multiple mutually mistrusting parties. Once established, the shared secret can be used to enable a wide range of applications. We describe certified execution, where a certificate is produced that proves that a specific computation was carried out on a specific processor. Certified execution has many benefits, including protection against malicious nodes in distributed computation networks. We also briefly discuss a software licensing application.

Subfields: Artificial Intelligence, Hardware and Architecture, Signal Processing

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a45200a2223b9765fd1665d0741e5ec440ca924e

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Citations in the corpus

FPGA Intrinsic PUFs and Their Use for IP Protection (2007, background): “Gassend et al. [13] deﬁne a Controlled Physical Random Function (CPUF) which is a PUF that can only be accessed via an algorithm that is physically bound to the PUF in an inseparable way.”
Physical unclonable functions (2020, background): “There are other valuable PUF proposals 103,119–121 for realizing tam-per-resistance but these require experimental validation.”
Physically Unclonable Functions (2012, background): “[46], is in fact a mode of operation for a PUF in combination with other (cryptographic) primitives.”
Physical Unclonable Functions for Device Authentication and Secret Key Generation (2007, background): “Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) [5, 6, 7] are innovative primitives to derive secrets from complex physical characteristics of ICs rather than storing the secrets in digital memory.”
A technique to build a secret key in integrated circuits for identification and authentication applications (2004, background): “1Alternatively, PUF is referred to as Physical Random Functions in some literatures [4, 5].”
Caches and hash trees for efficient memory integrity verification (2003, background): “1This secret can be a private key from a public key pair as in XOM [10], or it can be a Physical Random Function [8].”
Aegis: A Single-Chip Secure Processor (2007, methodology): “2 that manage Challenge-Response-Pairs (CRPs) as symmetric keys were also previously developed [39] without error correcting capabilities.”
Physically Unclonable Functions: A Study on the State of the Art and Future Research Directions (2010, methodology): “A controlled PUF or CPUF, as introduced in [11], is in fact a mode of operation for a PUF in combination with other (cryptographic) primitives.”
Hardware Trojan detection using path delay fingerprint (2008, background): “The magnitude of delay variation can be 5% in sub-micron processes and even worse in more advanced processes [8].”
Modeling attacks on physical unclonable functions (2010, methodology): “PUFs [1, 2, 4] (1), Controlled PUFs [3], and Weak PUFs [4], initially termed Physically Obfuscated Keys (POKs) [5].”