Small silencing RNAs: an expanding universe

By Megha Ghildiyal, Phillip D. Zamore. 2009

2,416 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Since the discovery in 1993 of the first small silencing RNA, a dizzying number of small RNA classes have been identified, including microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). These classes differ in their biogenesis, their modes of target regulation and in the biological pathways they regulate. There is a growing realization that, despite their differences, these distinct small RNA pathways are interconnected, and that small RNA pathways compete and collaborate as they regulate genes and protect the genome from external and internal threats.

Subfields: Cancer Research, Molecular Biology, Plant Science

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Citations in the corpus

The RIG-I receptor adopts two different conformations for distinguishing host from viral RNA ligands (2022, neutral): “Avoiding p1dsRNAs is particularly critical given that microRNAs are frequently presented as uncapped, 50-monophosphorylated dsRNA molecules (Ghildiyal and Zamore, 2009; Park et al., 2011).”
Annotating non-coding regions of the genome (2010, background): “In particular, a growing number of non-coding transcripts have been assigned roles in gene regulation and RNA processin”
Epigenetic modifications and human disease (2010, background): “and the flurry of ncRNA studies that highlight the importance of RNA-mediated regulation in epigentic”
RNA sequencing: advances, challenges and opportunities (2010, background): “These studies have been reviewed extensively by others (for example, see Ref”
Tools for Sequence-Based miRNA Target Prediction: What to Choose? (2016, background): “The small non-coding RNAs in animals are composed of piRNA (24–30 nt in length), microRNA (~22 nt in length) and siRNA (~21 nt in length) [1].”
Small RNA sorting: matchmaking for Argonautes (2010, background): “The biogenesis of most small RNA classes, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and many small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), requires the action of RNase III family proteins (reviewed in Ref”
Human tRNA-derived small RNAs in the global regulation of RNA silencing. (2010, background): “Of note, z6% of piRNA complexes isolated from mouse testes contained tRNAderived small RNAs, yet were essentially entirely depleted of ribosomal and micro-RNAs (Girard et al. 2006).”
RNA-Guided RNA Cleavage by a CRISPR RNA-Cas Protein Complex (2009, positive): “It is interesting that eukaryotes and prokaryotes exploit distinct small RNAguided gene silencing pathways to combat viruses and other mobile genetic elements that they encounter (Ghildiyal and Zamore, 2009; Malone and Hannon, 2009).”
Advances in physiological and molecular aspects of plant cold tolerance (2017, positive): “Ghildiyal and Zamore (2009) indicated that micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs could be repressors of gene induction in both plants and animals.”
Non‐coding RNAs: regulators of disease (2010, background): “They associate with Argonaute proteins and are primarily involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation Reviewed in [16,17,70]”