Three or more routes for leukocyte migration into the central nervous system

By R. Ransohoff, P. Kivisäkk, G. Kidd. Nature reviews. Immunology, 2003

1,067 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Immunology, Immunology and Allergy, Neurology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5a03b1a0e37b1fb64ad2c5cc319ae3b98b4f6361

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Citations in the corpus

A Paravascular Pathway Facilitates CSF Flow Through the Brain Parenchyma and the Clearance of Interstitial Solutes, Including Amyloid β (2012, background): “Both lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells in the subarachnoid CSF (49) may detect interstitial antigens delivered to the CSF by paravenous bulk outflow.”
Regulation of learning and memory by meningeal immunity: a key role for IL-4 (2010, background): “Common to these three areas is their close spatial proximity to the brain parenchyma, as well as their ability to interact with both the peripheral circulation and the CSF (Ransohoff et al., 2003; Ransohoff and Trapp, 2005; Rebenko-Moll et al., 2006).”
The blood-brain barrier in health and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. (2008, positive): “These studies revealed at least three distinctive routes for leukocyte entry into the CNS: (1) from blood to CSF across the choroid plexus; (2) from blood to subarachnoid space; and (3) from blood to parenchymal perivascular space (Ransohoff et al., 2003; Engelhardt and Ransohoff, 2005; Man et al., ”
C-C chemokine receptor 6–regulated entry of TH-17 cells into the CNS through the choroid plexus is required for the initiation of EAE (2009, background): “Lymphocytes can also enter into the CNS through the choroid plexu”
The role of inflammation in epilepsy (2010, neutral): “28,29 The contribution of each cell population to brain inflammation depends on the origin (for example, CNS versus systemic) and the type (for example, infectious versus sterile) of the initial precipitating event.”
Revisiting the concept of CNS immune privilege (2015, background): “The CNS is protected from the entry of pathogens, circulating immune cells, and factors within the blood by a physical blood–brain barrier (BBB) jointly maintained by tight junctions between brain endothelial cells, the basal lamina of these cells, and astrocyte endfeet processes (reviewed in [1–4])”
Recruitment of Beneficial M2 Macrophages to Injured Spinal Cord Is Orchestrated by Remote Brain Choroid Plexus (2013, positive): “The CP, a ventricular BCSFB compartment with a villous structure, facilitates CNS immunosurveillance (Ransohoff et al., 2003).”
The blood-brain barrier in Alzheimer's disease (2017, neutral): “the blood to the CSF across the venule wall and then the stroma and epitheliumof the choroid plexus (Ransohoff et al., 2003).”
Autoimmune T cell responses in the central nervous system (2009, background): “However, activated and memory T cells can carry out immune surveillance of the CNS because they express adhesion molecules, chemokine receptors and integrins that allow them to cross these barrier”
CNS immune privilege: hiding in plain sight (2006, background): “Innate immune responses,most notably the recruitment and activation of peripheral and resident macrophages, are readily initiated within the CNS by bacterial components, tissue damage, cytokine overexpression, or the deposition of amyloid plaques (5, 16, 17).”
Brain Inflammation in Epilepsy: Experimental and Clinical Evidence (2005, background): “It should, however, be defined as an immunologically specialized site (3) because it is becoming clear that immune and inflammatory reactions do occur in the CNS, where they appear to originate either intrinsically, thus constituting part of the innate immunity, or in the peripheral tissues and impo”