The histone modification pattern of active genes revealed through genome-wide chromatin analysis of a higher eukaryote.

By Dirk Schübeler, D. MacAlpine, David Scalzo, C. Wirbelauer, Charles L. Kooperberg, F. van Leeuwen, D. Gottschling, L. O'Neill, B. Turner, J. Delrow and 2 more. Genes & Development, 2004

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The covalent modification of nucleosomal histones has emerged as a major determinant of chromatin structure and gene activity. To understand the interplay between various histone modifications, including acetylation and methylation, we performed a genome-wide chromatin structure analysis in a higher eukaryote. We found a binary pattern of histone modifications among euchromatic genes, with active genes being hyperacetylated for H3 and H4 and hypermethylated at Lys 4 and Lys 79 of H3, and inactive genes being hypomethylated and deacetylated at the same residues. Furthermore, the degree of modification correlates with the level of transcription, and modifications are largely restricted to transcribed regions, suggesting that their regulation is tightly linked to polymerase activity.

Subfields: Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/21ad5a159ed659cb187bd881e8a5efbc68c9c9a8

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Citations in the corpus

Whole-genome analysis of histone H3 lysine 4 and lysine 27 methylation in human embryonic stem cells. (2007, background): “Previous analysis in other model systems and a smallerscale study using human cells suggested that H3K4me3 Cell associates with active promoters, while H3K27me3 associates with silenced promoters (Santos-Rosa et al., 2002; Schneider et al., 2003; Schubeler et al., 2004).”
A chromatin landmark and transcription initiation at most promoters in human cells. (2007, background): “Previous studies have emphasized that nucleosomes with histone H3K4me3 are associated with actively transcribed genes in various eukaryotes (Bernstein et al., 2002; Santos-Rosa et al., 2002; Ng et al., 2003; Schneider et al., 2004; Schubeler et al., 2004; Pokholok et al., 2005).”
Lineage-specific polycomb targets and de novo DNA methylation define restriction and potential of neuronal progenitors. (2008, background): “These dynamic Polycomb targets behave very different to Hox genes, which we only observe as actively transcribed or Polycomb repressed, fitting the general model of default Polycomb repression (Ringrose and Paro, 2007; Schwartz and Pirrotta, 2007).”
Characterization of the Drosophila melanogaster genome at the nuclear lamina (2006, background): “Earlier studies have shown that histones associated with active genes are generally acetylated on histones H3 and H4 and methylated at Lys4 of histone H3 (H3K4) and Lys79 of histone H3 (H3K79”
The diverse functions of histone lysine methylation (2005, background): “To complicate matters further, it was also reported that specific isoforms of EED have the capability of switching the substrate specificity of the human EZH2 complex such that the enzyme methylates lysine 26 within the linker histone H1 REF.”
Distribution, silencing potential and evolutionary impact of promoter DNA methylation in the human genome (2007, result): “5a ), confirming previous work in higher eukaryote”
Genome-wide map of nucleosome acetylation and methylation in yeast. (2005, neutral): “, 2002), but global ChIP profiles of dimethylated H3K79 in Drosophila (Schubeler et al., 2004) have linked this modification to active transcription.”
Next-Generation Genomics: an Integrative Approach (2010, neutral): “Further analysis of histone modifications in relation to splicing may provide additional insights into exon usage across gene”
The mammalian epigenome. (2007, background): “Global studies in yeast and ﬂies have also demonstrated colocalization of various activating histone modiﬁcations (Liu et al., 2005; Pokholok et al., 2005; Schubeler et al., 2004).”