Spacing, Position, and Order Interpretive Heuristics for Visual Features of Survey Questions

By Roger Tourangeau, Mick Couper, Frederick G. Conrad. 2004

432 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Sociology and Political Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f7a9e28155906912b402d06b12ddec838c0fc3a9

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In Sociology and Political Science

1. D. Dillman
2. J. Hartley
3. Lucy R. Betts
4. L. Christian
5. Jolene D. Smyth
6. Zheng Yan
7. L. Wessels
8. Weimiao Fan

Citations in the corpus

• Factors affecting response rates of the web survey: A systematic review (2010, background): “For instance, considerable literature have discussed screen-byscreen and scrolling questionnaires as two types of questionnaire layouts (Couper et al., 2001; Peytchev, Couper, McCabe, & Crawford, 2006; Tourangeau et al., 2004).”
• Completion Time and Response Order Effects in Web Surveys (2008, background): “Other studies have also examined the relationship between response time and item design (e.g., Heerwegh 2002; Draisma and Dijkstra 2004; Tourangeau, Couper, and Conrad 2004).”
• The Effects of Mode and Format on Answers to Scalar Questions in Telephone and Web Surveys (2007, background): “…found that visually manipulating the presentation of the response scale influences how respondents answer scalar questions in both mail (Christian and Dillman 2004, Schwarz, Grayson and Knäuper 1998, Smith 1995) and web surveys (Christian 2003, Dillman and Christian 2005; Tourangeau et al. 2004).”
• Anchoring and Adjusting in Questionnaire Responses (2012, background): “In fact, Tourangeau, Couper, and Conrad (2004) found that grouping similar items with the same response scale together on the same screen in a web survey produced higher reliability coefficients ( α = .62) than when each item was presented on a separate screen ( α = .51; see experiment six).”
• Response rate and measurement differences in mixed-mode surveys using mail, telephone, interactive voice response (IVR) and the Internet (2009, background): “Considerable research has shown that different visual layouts of questions may produce quite different answers from respondents (Christian and Dillman, 2004; Tourangeau et al., 2004).”
• Four layouts and a finding: the effects of changes in the order of the verbal labels and numerical values on Likert‐type scales (2010, methodology): “To date the effects of different layouts for Likert-type scales have been typically assessed by using quantitative methods (as shown in Table 1) but, following the emphasis on how people think about and interpret questions, numbers, verbal quantifiers and qualifiers (see e.g. Dillman & Christian, 20”
• Using Internet in Stated Preference Surveys: A Review and Comparison of Survey Modes (2011, neutral): “However, impacts of questionnaire design elements have been shown to be similar to mail surveys (Tourangeau et al. (2004, 2007); Galesic et al. (2008); Cooper (2008), and Dillman et al. (2009)).19 Based on this limited research, it is not possible to conclude that satisficing generally is a bigger…”
• An investigation of consumer acceptance of M-Banking in Australia (2010, result): “This is comparable to other studies that have utilised e-mail invitations with no subsequent reminder e-mails (Cole, 2005; Tourangeau et al., 2004).”