You Say Illegal, I Say Legitimate: Entrepreneurship in the Informal Economy

By Justin W. Webb, Laszlo Tihanyi, R. Duane Ireland, David G. Sirmon. 2009

1,052 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Economics and Econometrics, Management of Technology and Innovation, Sociology and Political Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/eaefe969b395fcde48b8ec62cb191acd40e998e6

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Citations in the corpus

Entrepreneurial innovation: The importance of context (2014, background): “" Informal institutions extend from culture (Stephan and Uhlaner, 2010) to social norms (Webb et al., 2009) to peer influences (Obschonka et al., 2012).”
Informal Entrepreneurship in Developing Economies: The Impacts of Starting up Unregistered on firm Performance (2017, background): “From an institutional perspective, the conventional liabilities of newness view that nonregistered start ups lack legitimacy fails to recognize that although lacking legality in relation to the codified laws and regulations of formal institutions, informal entrepreneurs are often socially legitimate”
Entrepreneurial activity in the informal economy: a missing piece of the entrepreneurship jigsaw puzzle (2015, background): “…boundaries between what considers illicit activities and informal activities, frequently used to theorize informal entrepreneurship (Godfrey 2011; Webb et al. 2009), are fuzzy and permeable as has been shown for the case of crossborder entrepreneurship and petty trading (Bruns et al. 2011;…”
Immigrant remittances and the venture investment environment of developing countries (2011, background): “Business enclaves analyzed by Webb et al. (2009) often develop around facilities and conventions that have public good attributes.”
Informal Entrepreneurship and Industry Conditions (2016, background): “Enforcement favors those individuals who have the capacity to pay fines (Safavian et al., 2001), and given the sheer size of the informal economy, institutions take a more targeted approach to enforcement (Webb et al., 2009).”
Entrepreneurship Amid Concurrent Institutional Constraints in Less Developed Countries (2016, background): “…because the notions of risk, legality, wealth maximization, control, and social boundaries are embedded within informal institutions (Baumol, 1990; Webb et al., 2009), entrepreneurs in LDCs often begin with a preexisting set of constraints in terms of which markets are available and…”
Research on entrepreneurship in the informal economy: Framing a research agenda (2013, methodology): “…(Khavul et al., 2009) to recognize and exploit opportunities in overcoming lack of access to formal institutions created by their informal status (Webb et al., 2009), family is not a necessary component of informal entrepreneurs' networks, and even when family is, it does not necessarily…”
Determinants of the Level of Informality of Informal Micro-Enterprises: Some Evidence from the City of Lahore, Pakistan (2016, background): “…the existence of asymmetry between the codified laws and regulations of formal institutions and the norms values and beliefs that constitute the informal institutions (De Castro et al. 2014; Siqueira et al. 2014; Thai & Turkina 2014; Vu 2014; Webb et al. 2009, 2013, 2014; Williams & Shahid 2014).”
Institutional polycentrism, entrepreneurs' social networks, and new venture growth (2013, background): “…interdependent processes make the entire institutional order adverse for entrepre-neurs, motivating them to build diverse networks rich in structural holes as informal substitute channels for resource acquisition (Batjargal, 2006; Kharkhordin & Gerber, 1994; Sedaitis, 1998; Webb et al., 2009).”
Evaluating the relationship between marginalization and participation in undeclared work: lessons from Bosnia and Herzegovina (2021, background): “…but socially legitimate activity that exists when the formal institutions are not in symmetry with the norms, values and beliefs that constitute the informal institutions (De Castro et al. 2014; Kistruck et al. 2015; Siqueira et al. 2016; Thai and Turkina 2014; Webb et al. 2009, 2013, 2014).”
How do resilience and self-efficacy relate to entrepreneurial intentions in countries with varying degrees of fragility? A six-country study (2020, background): “Institutional theory has been used to understand the behaviour of entrepreneurial ventures under adversity (Bowen and De Clercq, 2008; Webb et al., 2009).”
Building Inclusive Markets in Rural Bangladesh: How Intermediaries Work Institutional Voids (2012, background): “Webb et al. (2009) suggested several ways that institutional incongruence and weak enforcement of formal institutions facilitate entrepreneurial processes in an informal economy.”