A Practical Iterative Framework for Qualitative Data Analysis

By Prachi Srivastava, N. Hopwood. 2009

1,255 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The role of iteration in qualitative data analysis, not as a repetitive mechanical task but as a reflexive process, is key to sparking insight and developing meaning. In this paper the authors presents a simple framework for qualitative data analysis comprising three iterative questions. The authors developed it to analyze qualitative data and to engage with the process of continuous meaning-making and progressive focusing inherent to analysis processes. They briefly present the framework and locate it within a more general discussion on analytic reflexivity. They then highlight its usefulness, particularly for newer researchers, by showing practical applications of the framework in two very different studies.

Subfields: Education, Sociology and Political Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a483cb0ddf54a1142e84d2b58a2b1192d1f17a6b

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Citations in the corpus

Classroom Ready? Pre-Service Teachers’ Self-Efficacy for Their First Professional Experience Placement (2018, methodology): “Qualitative data from the surveys were transcribed and initially coded through NVivo by applying a process of reflexive iteration (Srivastava & Hopwood, 2009).”
Unpacking the Difference Between Digital Transformation and IT-Enabled Organizational Transformation (2021, methodology): “We conducted this process of analytic reflexivity (Srivastava & Hopwood, 2009) in two steps described in more detail below: 1.”
What Drives Substantive Versus Symbolic Implementation of ISO 14001 in a Time of Economic Crisis? Insights from Greek Manufacturing Companies (2018, methodology): “Iteration is used in qualitative analysis to facilitate the development of meaning and involves a sequence of tasks carried out multiple times and executed in exactly the same manner each time (Denzin and Lincoln 2005; Miles and Huberman 1994; Bassett 2010; Srivastava and Hopwood 2009).”
Evaluating Synergies and Trade-Offs among Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Explorative Analyses of Development Paths in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa (2018, neutral): “The process is reflexive and progressive [20,21].”
“Value-adding” Analysis: Doing More With Qualitative Data (2020, methodology): “Reflexivity is less frequently articulated as a tool of analysis (although see, Alvesson & Skoldberg, 2009; Braun & Clarke, 2019; Srivastava & Hopwood, 2009, 2018).”
Older, online and first: Recommendations for retention and success (2019, background): “Iteration has been described as “a deeply reflexive process… [which] is at the heart of visiting and revisiting the data and connecting them with emerging insights, progressively leading to refined focus and understandings” (Srivastava & Hopwood, 2009, p. 77).”
Suppression, denial, sublimation: Defending against the initial pains of very long life sentences (2017, methodology): “The data were subjected to an iterative analytic approach, by which we mean ‘visiting and revisiting the data’, and moving between forms of inductive and deductive reasoning, in order to refine understanding (Srivastava and Hopwood, 2009: 77).”