An association between mothers’ speech clarity and infants’ speech discrimination skills

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Brain Mechanisms in Early Language Acquisition (2010, background): “Mothers who use the exaggerated phonetic patterns to a greater extent when talking to their typically developing 2-month-old infants have infants who show significantly better performance in phonetic discrimination tasks when tested in the laboratory (Liu et al., 2003).”
Neuroconstructivism - I: How the Brain Constructs Cognition (2007, background): “The importance of the linguistic environment is further stressed by data showing that infants' speech discrimination ability is correlated with the clarity of their mother's speech (Liu et al., 2003).”
Early Speech Perception and Later Language Development: Implications for the "Critical Period" (2005, background): “Liu, Kuhl, and Tsao (2003) examined the degree of individual mother’s speech clarity using a measure previously shown to provide a valid and reliable index of speech intelligibility, the degree of acoustic “stretching” seen in themother’svowel sounds.”
Phonetic learning as a pathway to language: new data and native language magnet theory expanded (NLM-e) (2008, background): “For example, stretching the formant frequencies of vowels makes them more distinct and creates more intelligible speech (see Liu et al. (2003) for review).”