Ideal Affect: Cultural Causes and Behavioral Consequences

By J. Tsai. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2007

721 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Social Psychology, Sociology and Political Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/99cd6c386f8117c321a53772528e39a959eda5ca

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Citations in the corpus

Word of mouth and interpersonal communication: A review and directions for future research (2014, background): “Research on ideal affect, for example, shows that while European Americans value being excited, East Asians value being calm (see Tsai, 2007 for a review).”
The many faces of emotional contagion (2014, neutral): “Similarly, people differ in their ideal affect (Tsai, 2007), which guides the appraisal process towards its idiosyncratically desired end state.”
Racial Inequality in Psychological Research: Trends of the Past and Recommendations for the Future (2020, neutral): “…Hinnant, Elmore-Staton, Buckhalt, & El-Sheikh, 2017; Quinn et al., 2019; Rhodes & Gelman, 2009; Richeson & Shelton, 2003; Richeson & Sommers, 2016; Roberts et al., 2020; Roberts & Gelman, 2015, 2016, 2017; Roberts, Guo, Ho, & Gelman, 2018; Rogers, 2019; Syed, 2017; Tsai, 2007; Wang, 2019).”
Doing emotions: The role of culture in everyday emotions (2017, background): “…are those that allow an individual to realise the cultural mandate, which in US contexts is to influence others (and thereby reach individual goals), whereas in Chinese contexts it is to adjust to others (and thereby achieve relational harmony; Tsai, 2007; Tsai, Miao, Seppala, Fung, & Yeung, 2007).”
Why Beliefs About Emotion Matter: An Emotion-Regulation Perspective (2018, positive): “For example, much prior work has demonstrated a link between culture and beliefs about emotion goodness, finding that these beliefs vary largely as a function of whether the emotions promote culturally supported norms (Kitayama, Markus, & Kurokawa, 2000; Tamir & Gutentag, 2017; Tsai, 2007).”
An upward spiral: Bidirectional associations between positive affect and positive aspects of close relationships across the life span (2015, background): “Culture is another important contextual consideration given that the type of PA that is valued (e.g., low- vs high-arousal) may vary across cultures (Tsai, 2007), resulting in very different meanings assigned to similar expressions or experiences of emotions within close relationships.”
Religion as a source of variation in the experience of positive and negative emotions (2009, background): “On the other hand, a Zen Buddhist might seek to experience emotions less intensely, preferring to modulate experience and dampen the intensity of emotions (Groth-Marnat, 1992; see also Tsai, 2007).”
Emotion Regulation: Current Status and Future Prospects (2015, background): “Counterhedonic regulation also may be motivated by broader cultural imperatives regarding the emotions that should be shown (Szczurek, Monin, & Gross, 2012) or felt (Mesquita, de Leersnyder, & Albert, 2014; Tsai, 2007) in particular contexts.”
Subjective Well-Being: Measuring Happiness, Suffering, and Other Dimensions of Experience (2014, background): “East Asians, as well as older people, tend to endorse more low-arousal positive emotions than high-arousal positive emotions (Kessler and Staudinger, 2009; Tsai, 2007; Tsai et al., 2006).”
Weird people, yes, but also weird experiments (2010, positive): “…which people work to avoid negative interactions among their existing networks rather than seeking new relations (Adams, 2005), (2) prefer lower to higher arousal positive affective states (Tsai, 2007), (3) are less egocentric when they try to take the perspective of others (Cohen, …”
The Psychology of Neoliberalism and the Neoliberalism of Psychology (2019, background): “Accordingly, people who regularly engage settings informed by neoliberal individualism tend to value what Tsai (2007) calls high arousal positive states like excitement, energy, and enthusiasm.”
Emotion Regulation: Why Beliefs Matter (2018, background): “For example, a robust body of research supports the crucial role of culture in shaping individuals’ beliefs about emotion (Tsai, 2007; Uchida & Kitayama, 2009).”
Towards a Theory of Collective Emotions (2013, background): “In social interaction, this contributes to the interpersonal “validation” of appropriate emotions and “ideal affect” (Tsai, 2007) within social collectives.”
Compassion: An Evolutionary Analysis and Empirical Review (2010, background): “Cultures that value particular emotions are likely to have a richer emotion-specific lexicon and vocabulary of nonverbal display for the emotion (e.g., Haidt & Keltner, 1999; Tsai, 2007).”
Second Wave Positive Psychology: Exploring the Positive–Negative Dialectics of Wellbeing (2016, background): “For example, it is suggested that Western and Eastern cultures construct wellbeing in markedly different ways (Joshanloo 2014); e.g., Western cultures tend to value high arousal positive states (such as excitement), whereas Eastern cultures valorise low arousal ones (such as calmness; Tsai 2007).”