Machines and Mindlessness

By Clifford Nass, Youngme Moon. 2000

3,022 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Gender Studies, Sociology and Political Science, Human-Computer Interaction

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Citations in the corpus

LaMDA: Language Models for Dialog Applications (2022, background): “These expectations range from projecting social stereotypes [106] to reciprocating self-disclosure with interactive chat systems [105].”
Automated rationale generation: a technique for explainable AI and its effects on human perceptions (2019, background): “Human-likeness, central to generating human-centered rationales, was inspired from sociability and anthropomorphization factors from HRI work on robot acceptance [[35, 33, 34].”
Too human and not human enough: A grounded theory analysis of mental health harms from emotional dependence on the social chatbot Replika (2022, background): “By explicitly mimicking social cues and behaviors associated with humans, Replika amplifies computers as social actor (CASA) effects in which people are predisposed to treat computers as human (Nass and Moon, 2000).”
Consumers and Artificial Intelligence: An Experiential Perspective (2020, background): “In the social science literature, this superhuman narrative is paralleled in the Computers Are Social Actors and Human Computer Interactions paradigms, according to which the same heuristics used for human interactions are mindlessly applied to computers (Grudin 2017; Nass and Moon 2000).”
The media inequality: Comparing the initial human-human and human-AI social interactions (2017, background): “Nass and Moon (2000) tested users’ M AN US CR IP T AC CE PT ED 6 responses to televisions.”
The Multiple Source Effect and Synthesized Speech: Doubly-Disembodied Language as a Conceptual Framework (2004, background): “First, the current study provides the most direct evidence supporting the Computers Are Social Actors paradigm (Nass & Moon, 2000).”
Interactions With Robots: The Truths We Reveal About Ourselves (2017, background): “Similar to findings on racial prejudice (Brown 1995), one study found that people rated computer agents with a face of the same ethnicity as them to be more attractive, trustworthy, persuasive, and intelligent than agents of another ethnicity (Nass & Moon 2000).”
My Chatbot Companion - a Study of Human-Chatbot Relationships (2021, background): “Examples of such behaviour include the offering of greetings and politeness or reciprocating self-disclosure — often conducted even when users are well aware that social behaviour is not required (Nass and Moon, 2000).”
Trust in Automation: Designing for Appropriate Reliance (2004, background): “In addition, people may attribute intentionality and impute motivation to automation as it becomes increasingly sophisticated and takes on human characteristics, such as speech communication (Barley, 1988; Nass & Lee, 2001; Nass & Moon, 2000).”
Building a Stronger CASA: Extending the Computers Are Social Actors Paradigm (2020, background): “As Nass and Moon (2000) argued: We can conclude that individuals are responding mindlessly to computers to the extent that they apply social scripts—scripts for human-human interaction— that are inappropriate for human-computer interaction, essentially ignoring the cues that reveal the essential…”
The instructor’s face in video instruction: Evidence from two large-scale field studies. (2015, neutral): “Learners ignore the mediated nature of the lecture experience and perceive the instructor as a social actor, and they respond by mindlessly applying learned social rules (Nass & Moon, 2000).”
How perceptions of intelligence and anthropomorphism affect adoption of personal intelligent agents (2020, background): “…of computers emerged in Nass and Moon ’ s work whose research found that users tend to apply gender and ethnicity stereotypes as well as social behaviors, rules, expectations, and reciprocity during their interaction with computers (Moon, 2000; Nass and Moon, 2000; Pfeuffer et al., 2019).”
Examining the effects of robots' physical appearance, warmth, and competence in frontline services: The Humanness‐Value‐Loyalty model (2021, background): “Previous theoretical frameworks such as computers are social actors (CASA, Nass & Moon, 2000; Reeves & Nass, 1996) already considered that humans treat machines as social agents but they ignored that the current advancements in technology allow robots to actually look and behave as social agents in…”