Toll-like receptors in systemic autoimmune disease

By A. Marshak‐Rothstein. Nature reviews. Immunology, 2006

1,164 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have a crucial role in the early detection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and the subsequent activation of the adaptive immune response. Whether TLRs also have an important role in the recognition of endogenous ligands has been more controversial. Numerous in vitro studies have documented activation of both autoreactive B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells by mammalian TLR ligands. The issue of whether these in vitro observations translate to an in vivo role for TLRs in either the initiation or the progression of systemic autoimmune disease is a subject of intense research; data are beginning to emerge showing that this is the case.

Subfields: Immunology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/55e055829334afa6839df8deb7333f3c2fdc51bd

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Citations in the corpus

A cell biological view of Toll-like receptor function: regulation through compartmentalization (2009, background): “Clearly, nucleic acids are not exclusively microbial; indeed, TLRs can be activated inappropriately by self nucleic acids under abnormal circumstance”
Mincle is an ITAM-coupled activating receptor that senses damaged cells (2008, background): “The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family of innate immune receptors has been reported to recognize self ligands released from dead cells, such as hyaluronan, heat-shock proteins, uric acid, fibronectin and cardiolipin, as well as DNA-RNA-protein complexes such as nucleosomes and small nuclear ribonucleop”
Sexual Dimorphism in Innate Immunity (2019, neutral): “esis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), in which activation of pDCs and IFN-α has been suggested to play a critical role [64, 65].”
Intrinsic and cooperative antigen-presenting functions of dendritic-cell subsets in vivo (2007, background): “Immature DCs are well equipped with a series of receptors for pathogen-associated molecular patterns and for secondary inflammatory compounds, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs”
TAM receptors are pleiotropic inhibitors of the innate immune response. (2007, background): “Although innate immunity is essential for the protection of organisms, it must be properly regulated because unrestrained DC activation can lead to chronic inflammation and a response against self (Marshak-Rothstein, 2006).”
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: sensing nucleic acids in viral infection and autoimmune diseases (2008, background): “In SLE, the breakdown of innate tolerance to self DNA has been classically attributed to complex formation between self DNA and DNA-specific antibodie”
Mechanism of Endosomal TLR Inhibition by Antimalarial Drugs and Imidazoquinolines (2011, background): “pDCs (3, 15) and causes proliferation and differentiation of au-”
Toll-like receptor 4–dependent contribution of the immune system to anticancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy (2007, background): “Several damage-associated molecular patterns, including hyaluronans, HSPs and fibronectin, have been identified as TLR4 ligand”
AS04, an Aluminum Salt- and TLR4 Agonist-Based Adjuvant System, Induces a Transient Localized Innate Immune Response Leading to Enhanced Adaptive Immunity1 (2009, background): “Moreover, factors implicated in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease (65, 66) such as IFN- induction, direct and relevant T cell activation, and sustained high cytokine levels were not observed.”