Proposing a Multidimensional Machiavellianism Conceptualization

By J. Rauthmann, T. Will. 2011

218 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Machiavellianism (Christie & Geis, 1970) deals with (a) a cold and cynical world view with pragmatic and immoral beliefs, (b) a lack of emotionality, (c) strategic long-term planning in self-beneficial goal pursuit, and (d) various manipulative behaviors. Although Machiavellianism comprises several different aspects (Jones & Paulhus, 2009), thus far, there is uncertainty concerning the higher and lower order factors. Further, no scale accounts for all of these, measuring a fuzzy unidimensional construct. In this article a hierarchical and multidimensional structure of Machiavellianism is presented based on a thorough literature analysis. Merits of this and future lines of research are delineated.

Subfields: Clinical Psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Social Psychology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4c5332db6f74e0e0d765884a5e9548e9ce635891

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Clinical Psychology

1. Kibeom Lee
2. M. Ashton
3. B. Visser
4. Ingo Zettler
5. J. Bourdage
6. D. Paulhus
7. J. Rauthmann
8. Adrian Furnham

In Experimental and Cognitive Psychology

1. Kibeom Lee
2. M. Ashton
3. Ingo Zettler
4. B. Visser
5. J. Bourdage
6. G. Kolar
7. Adrian Furnham
8. J. Rauthmann

In Social Psychology

1. M. Ashton
2. Kibeom Lee
3. G. Kolar
4. Ingo Zettler
5. D. Paulhus
6. R. Rogoza
7. Adrian Furnham
8. Steven C. Richards

Citations in the corpus

• Is there a ''dark intelligence''? Emotional intelligence is used by dark personalities to emotionally manipulate others (2014, methodology): “Further information of this sample, along with descriptive statistics of the scales used here, can be found in Furtner et al. (2010) as well as Rauthmann and Will (2011).”
• Machiavellian people’s success results from monitoring their partners (2012, background): “Recently, Rauthmann and Will (2011) proposed a multidimensional, hierarchical account of Machiavellian content (affect, behavior, cognition, and desire) that can provide a more differentiated picture on structures and processes.”
• Dark Triad traits and their structure: An empirical approach (2020, background): “…person view and egocentricity) but with different strategies, and similar desires (self-interest and agentic orientations) but with different impulse control abilities (Hare and Neumann 2008; Levenson et al. 1995; Neal and Sellbom 2012; Patrick et al. 2009; Rauthmann and Will 2011; Rauthmann 2012).”
• How ''dark'' are the Dark Triad traits? Examining the perceived darkness of narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy (2012, methodology): “Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Personality and Individual Differences journal homepage: www.elsevier .com/locate /paid Rauthmann, 2011; Rauthmann & Will, 2011).”
• The Dark Triad and Interpersonal Perception: Similarities and Differences in the Social Consequences of Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and Psychopathy (2012, background): “…is the tendency to cynical, misanthropic, cold, pragmatic, and immoral beliefs; detached affect; pursuit of self-beneficial and agentic goals (e.g., power, money); strategic long-term planning; and manipulation tactics (Christie & Geis, 1970; Fehr, Samsom, & Paulhus, 1992; Rauthmann & Will, 2011).”
• Not Enough of a ‘Dark’ Trait? Linking Machiavellianism to Job Performance (2013, background): “…result, Machiavellianism—alongside Narcissism and psychopathy as part of the so-called dark triad of personality Received 13 August 2012 Revised 9 December 2012, Accepted 10 December 2012 (Paulhus & Williams, 2002)—has been newly conceptualised (e.g. Rauthmann, 2011; Rauthmann & Will, 2011).”
• The perceived attractiveness and traits of the Dark Triad: Narcissists are perceived as hot, Machiavellians and psychopaths not (2013, background): “…detachment, (c) striving for agentic goals (money, power, and status), and (d) calculating, duplicitous, and exploitative manipulation tactics (Christie & Geis, 1970; Fehr, Samsom, & Paulhus, 1992; Jones & Paulhus, 2009; Rauthmann, 2012a; Rauthmann & Will, 2011; Wilson, Near, & Miller, 1996).”
• The Dark Triad of Personality: A 10 Year Review (2013, background): “12018 to expand the original conception with multi-dimensional (Rauthmann & Will, 2011) and workplace-specific versions (Kessler et al., 2010).”
• Sex, Power, and Money: Prediction from the Dark Triad and Honesty–Humility (2013, background): “The Machiavellianism construct has recently been revisited by several researchers who have developed their own measures of the construct (e.g. Dahling, Whitaker, & Levy, 2009; Kessler, Bandelli, Spector, Borman, Nelson, & Penney, 2010; Rauthmann & Will, 2011).”
• Comparing models of counterproductive workplace behaviors: The Five-Factor Model and the Dark Triad (2015, background): “Machiavellianism is characterized by cynical, pragmatic, misanthropic, and immoral beliefs, emotional detachedness, agentic and self-beneficial motives, strategic long-term planning, manipulation and exploitation, and deception (Christie & Geis, 1970; Rauthmann & Will, 2011).”