Cell-surface calreticulin initiates clearance of viable or apoptotic cells through trans-activation of LRP on the phagocyte.

By S. Gardai, K. McPhillips, S. Frasch, W. Janssen, Anna Starefeldt, J. Murphy-Ullrich, D. Bratton, P. Oldenborg, M. Michalak, P. Henson. Cell, 2005

1,474 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Immunology, Physiology, Surgery

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3a22ed972ca1d5025a0b4d529530e571921a4eba

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Citations in the corpus

Heterogeneity of Microglial Activation in the Innate Immune Response in the Brain (2009, background): “2, apoptotic cells are primarily identified by redistribution of phosphatidylserine (PS) to the surface membrane and the appearance of calreticulin (CRT) on the cell surface (Gardai et al. 2005; Gregory and Devitt 2004; Hume 2008; Wu et al. 2006).”
Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha (LC3)-associated phagocytosis is required for the efficient clearance of dead cells (2011, background): “7 is unable to phagocytose dead cells (31).”
Apoptosis: A Review of Programmed Cell Death (2007, background): “Calreticulin is a protein that binds to an LDL-receptor related protein on the engulfing cell and is suggested to cooperate with phosphatidylserine as a recognition signal (Gardai et al., 2005).”
Engulfment of apoptotic cells: signals for a good meal (2007, background): “27 ); CD91 (also known as LRP1), which binds C1q (through calreticulin”
Mechanism of action of conventional and targeted anticancer therapies: reinstating immunosurveillance. (2013, background): “Once on the cell surface, CRT serves as an ‘‘eat-me’’ signal, stimulating the engulfment of dying tumor cells and their apoptotic debris by macrophages and immature dendritic cells (DCs) (Gardai et al., 2005; Ma et al., 2013; Obeid et al., 2007).”
CD47 is upregulated on circulating hematopoietic stem cells and leukemia cells to avoid phagocytosis. (2009, neutral): “It has been shown that its effects can be counteracted by expression of CD47 (Gardai et al., 2005).”
Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by human neutrophils prevents macrophage efferocytosis and induces programmed necrosis (2014, background): “inhibits SIRPa signaling and promotes efferocytosis (17, 18).”
A novel pathway combining calreticulin exposure and ATP secretion in immunogenic cancer cell death (2012, positive): “Ecto-CRT surface exposure, detected by immunoﬂuores-cence staining of T24 cells treated with Hyp-PDT or MTX, showed the characteristic surface ‘patches’ reported previously (Gardai et al , 2005; Obeid et al , 2007; Figure 2A).”
Ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis in anticancer immunity (2020, background): “These DAMPs bind receptors in various immune cells and trigger a series of immune responses, including the activation of innate and adaptive immune cells [6], opsonization or phagocytosis of dying cancer cells [7], and maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) [8].”
Neuronal Cell Death. (2018, neutral): “An alternative “eat me” signal is exposure of calreticulin on the cell surface (235), which can result from endoplasmic retic-”