RNA interference is mediated by 21- and 22-nucleotide RNAs.

By Sayda M. Elbashir, Winfried Lendeckel, Thomas Tuschl. Genes & Development, 2001

3,450 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) induces sequence-specific posttranscriptional gene silencing in many organisms by a process known as RNA interference (RNAi). Using a Drosophila in vitro system, we demonstrate that 21- and 22-nt RNA fragments are the sequence-specific mediators of RNAi. The short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are generated by an RNase III-like processing reaction from long dsRNA. Chemically synthesized siRNA duplexes with overhanging 3' ends mediate efficient target RNA cleavage in the lysate, and the cleavage site is located near the center of the region spanned by the guiding siRNA. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the direction of dsRNA processing determines whether sense or antisense target RNA can be cleaved by the siRNA-protein complex.

Subfields: Molecular Biology, Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2e2ec00f9c7e13170c199d5ab1269520d18e0c8b

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Molecular Biology

In Plant Science

Citations in the corpus

RNA silencing: Methods and protocols (2006, methodology): “Unlike RNAi-based heterochromatin, which spreads kilobases from the RNAtargeted nucleation site, RdDM does not infiltrate substantially into adjacent sequences (6,7).”
Endogenous and Silencing-Associated Small RNAs in Plants Online version contains Web-only data. Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.003210. (2002, background): “Mutations that affect stRNA genes or stRNA target genes result in heterochronic defects (Ambros and Horvitz, 1984; Grishok et al., 2001).”
MicroRNAS and their regulatory roles in plants. (2006, background): “The resulting miRNA/miRNA∗ duplex typically has two-nucleotide 3′ overhangs (74), similar to the overhangs of siRNA duplexes produced by Dicer from long double-stranded RNA (19, 37, 38).”
The small RNA profile during Drosophila melanogaster development. (2003, background): “…that are processed by the ribo-Terry Gaasterland,4 Jutta Meyer,2 nuclease type III enzyme Dicer (Bernstein et al., 2001;and Thomas Tuschl2,* Elbashir et al., 2001b; Grishok et al., 2001; Hutvágner et1Department of Animal Molecular Genetics al., 2001; Ketting et al., 2001; Park et al.,…”
Single-stranded antisense siRNAs guide target RNA cleavage in RNAi. (2002, background): “(Elbashir et al., 2001c).”
Generation of transgenic potato plants highly resistant to potato virus Y (PVY) through RNA silencing (2004, background): “The short dsRNAs are also known as “short interfering RNAs siRNAs” Elbashir et al. 2001, as they represent a reaction intermediate that can induce the silencing process, just like its dsRNA precursor.”
Effective expression of small interfering RNA in human cells (2002, background): “Previous studies of siRNA-mediated target cleavage by extracts in vitro suggested that the 5′ termini of one or both strands might need to be phosphorylated, and that this might be needed for efficient assembly into obligatory ribonucleoprotein complexe”
Passenger-strand cleavage facilitates assembly of siRNA into Ago2-containing RNAi enzyme complexes. (2005, positive): “Passenger, but Not Guide, Strand Cleavage Accompanies RISC Assembly Is the passenger strand cleaved during RISC assembly? Human and Drosophila Ago2 cleave their target RNAs at the phosphodiester bond that lies across from nucleotides 10 and 11 of the guide strand ( Elbashir et al., 2001b, 2001c; Ma”
Expanding the MicroRNA Targeting Code: Functional Sites with Centered Pairing (2010, background): “Nonetheless, artificially designed small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that silence target genes through this mechanism are widely used reagents, illustrating that in principle the cleavage mode of repression can function in many contexts and for many targets (Elbashir et al., 2001a).”
Reduced accumulation of specific microRNAs in colorectal neoplasia. (2003, methodology): “(32), except that nucleic acids were electroeluted from acrylamide gel slices using the Biotrap system (Schleicher and”
RNA interference--2001. (2001, methodology): “Perhaps these represent the best candidates for the RNase III activity in RNAi (Elbashir et al. 2001).”