Status, communality, and agency: implications for stereotypes of gender and other groups.

By M. Conway, M. Pizzamiglio, Lauren Mount. 1996

Subfields: Safety, Robustness & Interpretability

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Diagnosing Gender Bias in Image Recognition Systems (2020, background): “Widely held and enduring gender beliefs characterize women as less agentic, less worthy, and less competent than men (Conway, Pizzamiglio, and Mount 1996; Fiske et al. 2002; Lueptow, Garovich-Szabo, and Lueptow 2001; Spence and Buckner 2000).”
Stereotypes as Dynamic Constructs: Women and Men of the Past, Present, and Future (2000, background): “This approach to determining stereotype content thus reflects a social structural view of stereotyping that has been developed most thoroughly in relation to gender stereotypes in the context of Eagly’s (Eagly, 1987; Eagly, Wood, & Diekman, 2000) social role theory (e.g., Conway, Pizzamiglio, & Mou”
Making Gender Comparisons More Meaningful: A Call for More Attention to Social Context (2003, background): “Conway, Pizzamiglio, and Mount (1996) found that students rated high-status workers, regardless of their gender, as more agentic and less communal than low-status workers (also see Gerber, 1996).”
Constraints into Preferences: Gender, Status, and Emerging Career Aspirations (2004, background): “…or capable at most things, as well as specific assumptions that men are better at some particular tasks (e.g., mechanical tasks) while women are better at others (e.g., nurturing tasks) (Conway, Pizzamiglio, and Mount, 1996; Fiske et al. 2002; Wagner and Berger 1997; Williams and Best 1990).”
The affective bases for the gendering of traits: Comparing the United States and Canada. (2000, result): “Furthermore, our identification is consistent with the findings of Conway et al. (1996) that people attribute greater communality (helpfulness, kindness, sensitivity, warmth) and lesser agency”
Gender Bias in Skills and Social Policies: The Varieties of Capitalism Perspective on Sex Segregation (2005, background): “Other sociologists have looked into the process of socialization that affects women’s career choices (Conway et al. 1996; Correll 2001).”
Consensus and the Creation of Status Beliefs (2006, background): “Such compensatory beliefs may arise partly because members of low status groups are cast into a reactive, agreeing role in relation to agentic, influential members of the high status group (Conway et al. 1996).”
Construction of Status and Referential Structures* (2002, background): “…described in terms of complementary differences in instrumental versus expressive behavior ~Gerber 1993, 1996; Smoreda 1995; Wagner and Berger 1993, 1998!, competence versus likeability ~Fiske 1998; Glick and Fiske 1998!, or agency versus communality~Bakan 1966; Conway et al. 1996; Gerber 1988!.”