To Pull or Not to Pull: What Is the Question?

By Wallace J. Hopp, M. Spearman. Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 2004

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RECONCEPTUALIZING THE EFFECTS OF LEAN ON PRODUCTION COSTS WITH EVIDENCE FROM THE F-22 PROGRAM (2009, methodology): “''Most sources describe the essence of lean production as waste reduction'' (Hopp and Spearman, 2004).”
A methodology for effective implementation of lean strategies and its performance evaluation in manufacturing organizations (2013, background): “Hopp and Spearman (2004) defined lean as the production of goods or services that minimizes buffering costs associated with excess lead times, inventories, or capacity.”
Lean and the working environment: a review of the literature (2012, background): “Over the last decade, researchers studying lean have sought a common understanding of the term (de Treville and Antonakis, 2006; Hines et al., 2004; Hopp and Spearman, 2004; Paez et al., 2004; Shah and Ward, 2003; Shah and Ward, 2007).”
Inventory Record Inaccuracy: An Empirical Analysis (2008, background): “Production Systems (Spear and Bowen 1999, Hopp and Spearman 2004 ).”
Lean principles, learning, and knowledge work: Evidence from a software services provider (2011, methodology): “Pull involves each customer calling output from the previous step, on demand (see Hopp and Spearman, 2004 for a critique of this principle, p. 141).”
Defining and developing measures of lean production (2007, methodology): “manage variability in supply, processing time, and demand ( Hopp and Spearman, 2004; De”