The Tim-3 ligand galectin-9 negatively regulates T helper type 1 immunity

By Chen Zhu, A. Anderson, A. Schubart, H. Xiong, J. Imitola, S. Khoury, X. Zheng, T. Strom, V. Kuchroo. Nature Immunology, 2005

2,029 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Immunology, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f0a1c61378cc1ea1f1b8b1aa89be73cf4f51e5ca

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Citations in the corpus

Next generation of immune checkpoint therapy in cancer: new developments and challenges (2018, background): “As opposed to other inhibitory pathways that interfere with cellular function, TIM-3 primarily exert its function by regulating cell apoptosis [27].”
Immunosuppressive strategies that are mediated by tumor cells. (2007, background): “Particularly interesting, Zhu and colleagues recently showed that galectin-9 can act as a ligand of Tim-3, a Th1-specific cell surface molecule and negatively regulate Th1 responses (138).”
Novel immune checkpoint targets: moving beyond PD-1 and CTLA-4 (2019, background): “The engagement of TIM-3 with galectin-9 triggered intracellular calcium flux of Th1 cells, inducing cell death [85].”
Immune checkpoint blockade: a common denominator approach to cancer therapy (2015, background): “Functionally, TIM-3 binds to galectin-9 (as well as several other ligands), as supported by data showing that administration of galectin-9 in vitro causes cell death of Th1 cells in a TIM-3dependent manner (Zhu et al., 2005).”
Protein-glycan interactions in the control of innate and adaptive immune responses (2008, background): “Galectins 1, 2, 3 and 9 can bind distinct cell-surface glycoprotein receptors and signal different intracellular pathways to modulate T cell survival and homeostasi”
OMIP‐037: 16‐color panel to measure inhibitory receptor signatures from multiple human immune cell subsets (2017, background): “Also, NK cytotoxicity is abrogated upon TIM-3 cross-linking in vitro (18), and TIM-3 signaling is integral for tolerance induction and EAE amelioration in mouse models (17,19,20).”
The blockade of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy (2012, background): “TIM3, the ligand of which is galectin 9 (a galectin that is upregulated in various types of cancer, including breast cancers) inhibits T helper 1 (T H 1) cell response”
Turning 'sweet' on immunity: galectin–glycan interactions in immune tolerance and inflammation (2009, background): “1 ) or through direct engagement of specific cell surface glycoconjugates by traditional ligand–receptor interaction”
Cooperation of Tim-3 and PD-1 in CD8 T-cell exhaustion during chronic viral infection (2010, background): “This suppressive effect of Tim-3 was mediated by interactionwith theTim-3 ligand, galectin-9, followedbypromoting the apoptosis of Th1 cells (23).”
Upregulation of Tim-3 and PD-1 expression is associated with tumor antigen–specific CD8+ T cell dysfunction in melanoma patients (2010, background): “Tim-3 interacts with its ligand galectin-9 to induce cell death in Th1 cells (Zhu et al., 2005).”
Adaptive resistance to therapeutic PD-1 blockade is associated with upregulation of alternative immune checkpoints (2016, background): “We also investigated the expression of Galectin-9, one of the ligands for TIM-3 receptor that is expressed on a variety of cell types and has a role in negatively regulating Th1-type immune responses 20,21 .”