Immunosuppressive strategies that are mediated by tumor cells.

By Gabriel A. Rabinovich, D. Gabrilovich, E. Sotomayor. Annual Review of Immunology, 2007

1,774 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Despite major advances in understanding the mechanisms leading to tumor immunity, a number of obstacles hinder the successful translation of mechanistic insights into effective tumor immunotherapy. Such obstacles include the ability of tumors to foster a tolerant microenvironment and the activation of a plethora of immunosuppressive mechanisms, which may act in concert to counteract effective immune responses. Here we discuss different strategies employed by tumors to thwart immune responses, including tumor-induced impairment of antigen presentation, the activation of negative costimulatory signals, and the elaboration of immunosuppressive factors. In addition, we underscore the influence of regulatory cell populations that may contribute to this immunosuppressive network; these include regulatory T cells, natural killer T cells, and distinct subsets of immature and mature dendritic cells. The current wealth of preclinical information promises a future scenario in which the synchronized blockade of immunosuppressive mechanisms may be effective in combination with other conventional strategies to overcome immunological tolerance and promote tumor regression.

Subfields: Immunology, Oncology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/370e8c4d9a5ee74121d65e8e1fc4e35a37fe9db8

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Citations in the corpus

HIF-1α regulates function and differentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment (2010, background): “In all three models, tumor tissues and spleens tumors and lymph nodes (Kusmartsev and Gabrilovich, 2006; Rabinovich et al., 2007; Sica and Bronte, 2007; Gabrilovich and Nagaraj, 2009).”
Turning 'sweet' on immunity: galectin–glycan interactions in immune tolerance and inflammation (2009, background): “APCs, including dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, play an integral part in establishing immune cell homeostasis through their dual role in orchestrating protective immune responses and promoting immune toleranc”
Arginase: an emerging key player in the mammalian immune system (2009, background): “It also became clear that malignant tumours have evolved strategies to evade an effective tumour-cytotoxic immune response by inducing pathways of inflammation-associated immunosuppression (Smyth et al., 2001; Rabinovich et al. 2007; Sica and Bronte, 2007).”
Tumor‐induced tolerance and immune suppression by myeloid derived suppressor cells (2008, background): “T-cell unresponsiveness to TAAs was initially attributed to T-cell ignorance, the incapacity to recognize malignant cells, as tumor cells mainly express self-antigens and can generate antigen-loss variants or mutants with altered antigen processing and presentation (1, 13).”
Immunological Effects of Conventional Chemotherapy and Targeted Anticancer Agents. (2015, background): “Multiple systems are in place for the extinguishment of immune responses, and these are particularly important for the avoidance of deleterious autoimmune reactions and overshooting inflammatory responses (Rabinovich et al., 2007).”
Immunologic and clinical effects of antibody blockade of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 in previously vaccinated cancer patients (2008, background): “One major defect involves inefficient antigen presentation by tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells and macrophages (2).”
Host type I IFN signals are required for antitumor CD8+ T cell responses through CD8α+ dendritic cells (2011, background): “Expression of multiple immune evasion mechanisms likely blunts immune function at the effector phase and allows tumor outgrowth in those instances (Rabinovich et al., 2007).”
Mechanism regulating reactive oxygen species in tumor induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells (2009, background): “In many tumor models, the proportion of MDSC represents 20% of all splenocytes and MDSC are easily detectable in tumors and lymph nodes (1, 2, 4).”
Arginase I–Producing Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Renal Cell Carcinoma Are a Subpopulation of Activated Granulocytes (2009, neutral): “Among the possible mechanisms leading to anergy/tolerance is the depletion of the amino acids tryptophan and L-arginine (24).”
Advances in immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (2021, background): “I.M. receives funding from MINECO SAF2014-52361-R and SAF 2017- 83267-C2-1R; Worldwide Cancer Research Grant (15-1146); the Asociacion Española Contra el Cancer (AECC) Foundation under grant GCB15152947MELE; and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Program (grant agreement no. 635122 PROCROP).”