Turning 'sweet' on immunity: galectin–glycan interactions in immune tolerance and inflammation

By Gabriel A. Rabinovich, M. Toscano. Nature reviews. Immunology, 2009

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The function of deciphering the biological information encoded by the glycome, which is the entire repertoire of complex sugar structures expressed by cells and tissues, is assigned in part to endogenous glycan-binding proteins or lectins. Galectins, a family of animal lectins that bind N-acetyllactosamine-containing glycans, have many roles in diverse immune cell processes, including those relevant to pathogen recognition, shaping the course of adaptive immune responses and fine-tuning the inflammatory response. How do galectins translate glycan-encoded information into tolerogenic or inflammatory cell programmes? An improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying these functions will provide further opportunities for developing new therapies based on the immunoregulatory properties of this multifaceted protein family.

Subfields: Immunology, Molecular Biology, Oncology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/408e16c32e3b8f0251228395c50df79626019c20

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CHARMM-GUI Glycan Modeler for modeling and simulation of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates (2019, background): “…numerous studies have shown that glycans are associated with a variety of important biological processes, such as immune recognition and response (Rabinovich and Toscano 2009), tumor growth and metastasis (El Ghazal et al. 2016), protein quality con-trol and traf ﬁ cking (Trombetta 2003), and…”