The nature of individual differences in working memory capacity: active maintenance in primary memory and controlled search from secondary memory.

By Nash Unsworth, R. Engle. Psychology Review, 2007

1,288 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Cognitive Neuroscience, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e27554ca95eefbb9a38ede39173b4a76b2c78dcc

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In Cognitive Neuroscience

In Experimental and Cognitive Psychology

Citations in the corpus

Cogmed working memory training: Does the evidence support the claims? (2012, methodology): “This is likely due to decreased demands on attention control (Barrouillet, Bernardin, & Camos, 2004; Engle, 2002), as well as a decreased need to retrieve information from long term memory (Unsworth & Engle, 2007a).”
Phonological similarity effects in simple and complex span tasks (2011, background): “These representations must then be recovered via a cue-dependent search mechanism (Unsworth & Engle, 2007).”
Memory search and the neural representation of context. (2008, background): “Can the study of individual differences [78] reveal links between theories of temporal context 283 and of working memory? 284”
Which Working Memory Functions Predict Intelligence (2008, background): “In response to (1) we point out that recent experimental work is just beginning to unravel the processes involved in typical SP tasks such as the complex span task (Barrouillet, Bernardin, & Camos, 2004; Hudjetz & Oberauer, 2007; Unsworth & Engle, 2007), and the emerging picture is far from simple.”
When are fluid intelligence and working memory isomorphic and when are they not (2013, methodology): “I tested this prediction by comparing participants belonging to the 33 and 66 percentiles of a mean from z scores on both WM tasks (referred to as WMC-low and WMC-high groups; for examples of using a similar method see Kane & Engle, 2003; Unsworth & Engle, 2007).”
What’s the best way to characterize the relationship between working memory and achievement?: An initial examination of competing theories. (2020, background): “…analysis Working memory (WM), or a processing resource of limited capacity involved in the preservation of information while simultaneously processing the same or other information (Unsworth & Engle, 2007), is related to numerous other cognitive abilities employed in everyday life (Diamond, 2013).”
What is working memory capacity, and how can we measure it? (2013, background): “…to measure predominantly maintenance in PM, whereas complex-span measures capture mainly controlled search in SM. Based on these assumptions, Unsworth and Engle (2007a) predicted that the correlation between complex span and fluid intelligence is mediated by individual differences in two…”
The impact of working memory load on task execution and online plan adjustment during multitasking in a virtual environment (2013, background): “However, we might assume instead that working memory draws on a range of executive resources (Logie, 2011; Miyake et al., 2000) such as inhibition of learned or automatic responses, updating, or retrieval from long-term memory (e.g., Unsworth & Engle, 2007).”
Trait and State Differences in Working Memory Capacity (2010, background): “According to Unsworth and Engle (2007), individual differences in WMC stem mainly from fluctua tions in the ability to maintain information active in primary memory and from efficient search and retrieval of information stored in the secondary memory.”
The mechanisms of working memory capacity: Primary memory, secondary memory, and attention control (2014, background): “In effect, it represents the size of a person's attentional focus (e.g., Cowan et al., 2005; Unsworth & Engle, 2007b).”
Variation in Cognitive Failures: An Individual Differences Investigation of Everyday Attention and Memory Failures. (2012, background): “, Engle & Kane , 2004 ; Unsworth & Engle , 2007 ) by suggesting that attention control abilities are needed in scholastic aptitude tests such as the SAT in order to focus and sustain attention on the task at hand and to prevent attentional capture .”
Impact of Working Memory Constraints on Speech Monitoring in Healthy Children (2013, background): “…maintenance of information in the context of potential distractors, both internal and external, and is a key determiner of one's ability to monitor one's speech (Buchsbaum & D'Esposito, 2008; Engle & Kane, 2004: Kane, Conway, Hambrick & Engle, 2007; Unsworth & Engle, 2007; Waters & Caplan, 1996).”
On the division of short-term and working memory: an examination of simple and complex span and their relation to higher order abilities. (2007, background): “Recently, we (Unsworth & Engle, 2006a, 2007) have suggested that performance on simple and complex span tasks can be interpreted in terms of a dual-component framework that combines an active maintenance component (primary memory: PM) with a controlled cue-dependent search and retrieval process of…”
What are the differences between long-term, short-term, and working memory? (2008, background): “More recently, Engle et al. (1999) introduced the notion that aptitudes and working memory both depend on the ability to control attention, or to apply the control of attention to the management of both primary and secondary memory (Unsworth and Engle, 2007).”
The Relationship Between Working Memory Capacity and Executive Functioning: Evidence for a Common Executive Attention Construct (2010, methodology): “This system is viewed as a part of larger memory architecture, in which information is perceived, attended to, and retrieved (Baddeley, 1986; Cowan, 2005; Unsworth & Engle, 2007a).”