Oxidative stress: a concept in redox biology and medicine

By H. Sies. Redox Biology, 2015

2,617 citations recorded by the source corpus.

“Oxidative stress” as a concept in redox biology and medicine has been formulated in 1985; at the beginning of 2015, approx. 138,000 PubMed entries show for this term. This concept has its merits and its pitfalls. Among the merits is the notion, elicited by the combined two terms of (i) aerobic metabolism as a steady-state redox balance and (ii) the associated potential strains in the balance as denoted by the term, stress, evoking biological stress responses. Current research on molecular redox switches governing oxidative stress responses is in full bloom. The fundamental importance of linking redox shifts to phosphorylation/dephosphorylation signaling is being more fully appreciated, thanks to major advances in methodology. Among the pitfalls is the fact that the underlying molecular details are to be worked out in each particular case, which is bvious for a global concept, but which is sometimes overlooked. This can lead to indiscriminate use of the term, oxidative stress, without clear relation to redox chemistry. The major role in antioxidant defense is fulfilled by antioxidant enzymes, not by small-molecule antioxidant compounds. The field of oxidative stress research embraces chemistry, biochemistry, cell biology, physiology and pathophysiology, all the way to medicine and health and disease research.

Subfields: Molecular Biology, Organic Chemistry

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d478e3982eebc141e8241ea2b1c928fd505566bf

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In Molecular Biology

In Organic Chemistry

E. Kurutaş

Citations in the corpus

Oxidative Stress in Human Pathology and Aging: Molecular Mechanisms and Perspectives (2022, background): “formation of cell structures such as protein complexes [74].”
Vascular Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: Major Triggers for Cardiovascular Disease (2019, background): “This imbalance leads to the accumulation of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and other products such as peroxynitrite and hypochlorous acid and a deviation from the steady state [98].”
Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Syndrome (2023, background): “The imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, which is often tilted in favor of the oxidants, is what causes oxidative stress, which in turn causes a disruption in redox signaling and regulation as well as molecular and cellular damage [8,9].”
Global Impacts of Western Diet and Its Effects on Metabolism and Health: A Narrative Review (2023, background): “However, oxidative stress conditions injure cells and tissues [95].”
Advanced Glycation End Products and Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2015, background): “cellular redox-signaling is disturbed, the cell is found in a stage defined as “oxidative stress” [4].”
Oxidative Stress in Cancer (2020, background): “Oxidative stress, defined as a relative excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when compared with antioxidants, has been linked to neurodegenerative disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and many other pathologies (Sies, 2015).”
Clinical Relevance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress (2015, background): “Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of oxidants, leads to disruption of redox signaling and physiological function (157, 158).”
ROS-induced lipid peroxidation modulates cell death outcome: mechanisms behind apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis (2023, background): “Changes in redox status and depletion of antioxidants can cause oxidative stress and lead to oxidative damage (Sies 2015).”
Antioxidant responses and cellular adjustments to oxidative stress (2015, background): “ROS interact with redox-sensitive signaling molecules including transcription factors, protein tyrosine phosphatases, protein kinases and ion channels, that contain cysteine residues whose SH groups are oxidized, causing a change in their biological activity, regulating cellular processes like growt”
The importance of antioxidants which play the role in cellular response against oxidative/nitrosative stress: current state (2015, background): “The greatest activity is present in liver and erythrocytes but some catalase is found in all tissues [125].”