Antioxidant responses and cellular adjustments to oxidative stress
By Cristina Espinosa-Diez, V. Miguel, Daniela Mennerich, T. Kietzmann, Patricia Sánchez-Pérez, S. Cadenas, S. Lamas. Redox Biology, 2015
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Redox biological reactions are now accepted to bear the Janus faceted feature of promoting both physiological signaling responses and pathophysiological cues. Endogenous antioxidant molecules participate in both scenarios. This review focuses on the role of crucial cellular nucleophiles, such as glutathione, and their capacity to interact with oxidants and to establish networks with other critical enzymes such as peroxiredoxins. We discuss the importance of the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway as an example of a transcriptional antioxidant response and we summarize transcriptional routes related to redox activation. As examples of pathophysiological cellular and tissular settings where antioxidant responses are major players we highlight endoplasmic reticulum stress and ischemia reperfusion. Topologically confined redox-mediated post-translational modifications of thiols are considered important molecular mechanisms mediating many antioxidant responses, whereas redox-sensitive microRNAs have emerged as key players in the posttranscriptional regulation of redox-mediated gene expression. Understanding such mechanisms may provide the basis for antioxidant-based therapeutic interventions in redox-related diseases.
Subfields: Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/947da97bf94f4a8e9397933c7343f6c9b507f6ce
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Citations in the corpus
- The importance of antioxidants which play the role in cellular response against oxidative/nitrosative stress: current state (2015, background): “Complex I has two transitional states, the active (A) and the deactive (D) states, and the complex is S-nitrosylated in the D state [139].”
- The Role of Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases (2015, background): “In addition, PRX1 is also expressed in the mitochondria and peroxisomes, while PRX4 is found in the lysosomes [44].”
- Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress: A Mutual Interplay in Age-Related Diseases (2018, background): “Naturally, the organism has several antioxidant defenses to protect against hostile oxidative environments, including classical antioxidant enzymes for example catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase as well as non-enzymatic ROS scavengers, such as β-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E”