Fasting: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Applications

By V. Longo, Mark P. Mattson. Cell Metabolism, 2014

1,289 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Fasting has been practiced for millennia, but only recently studies have shed light on its role in adaptive cellular responses that reduce oxidative damage and inflammation, optimize energy metabolism and bolster cellular protection. In lower eukaryotes, chronic fasting extends longevity in part by reprogramming metabolic and stress resistance pathways. In rodents intermittent or periodic fasting protects against diabetes, cancers, heart disease and neurodegeneration, while in humans it helps reduce obesity, hypertension, asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. Thus, fasting has the potential to delay aging and help prevent and treat diseases while minimizing the side effects caused by chronic dietary interventions.

Subfields: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Physiology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d19d3bd0b7df09cc4700be1fd8569e1d48058421

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In Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

In Physiology

Citations in the corpus

Fasting, circadian rhythms, and time restricted feeding in healthy lifespan (2016, background): “This response represents one of the most potent examples of comprehensive cellular reprogramming and appears to be functioning in virtually all organisms (Longo and Mattson, 2014).”
RESILIENCE TRAINING THAT CAN CHANGE THE BRAIN (2018, background): “By increasing BDNF production and hence reducing oxidative damage, inflammation, dysfunctional proteins, and elevated glucose and insulin, dietary restriction with adequate nutrient intake can improve mood and cognition, as well as slow down aging and associated diseases (Longo & Mattson, 2014).”
Impact of intermittent fasting on health and disease processes (2016, neutral): “…c a i t c t l D i s n t a fi c t o a t i e d t o t w r f 2 r ( r c T r n i a e d h T ARTICLERR-717; No. of Pages 13 M.P. Mattson et al. / Ageing Re REB, BDNF and autophagy pathways (Descamps et al., 2005; Cheng t al., 2012, 2016; Hatori et al., 2012; Longo and Mattson, 2014; uen and Sander, 2014).”
A periodic diet that mimics fasting promotes multi-system regeneration, enhanced cognitive performance and healthspan (2015, background): “IGFBP-1 was increased 1.5-fold at the end of the FMD regimen (p 0.01) and returned to baseline levels following normal food intake (Figure 6E).”
Mitophagy and Alzheimer’s disease: cellular and molecular mechanisms (2017, background): “Caloric restriction, intermitting fasting and vigorous exercise are bioenergetic challenges that can promote neuroplasticity (synapse formation, hippocampal neurogenesis, and learning and memory) and bolster neuronal stress resistance [111, 112].”
Metabolic Control of Longevity. (2016, background): “Periodic cycles of CR (e.g., fasting on alternate days, which does not lead to body-weight loss) are sufficient to extend longevity in rodents (Longo and Mattson, 2014).”
Intermittent Fasting Promotes White Adipose Browning and Decreases Obesity by Shaping the Gut Microbiota (2017, positive): “Recently, intermittent fasting was demonstrated to optimize energy metabolism and promote health (Fontana and Partridge, 2015; Longo and Mattson, 2014).”
Environmental/lifestyle factors in the pathogenesis and prevention of type 2 diabetes (2017, background): “The latter (reduced) ketone can be used as a substrate for oxidative energy production in place of glucose in peripheral tissues and can pass the blood–brain barrier [188].”
Time-restricted feeding is a preventative and therapeutic intervention against diverse nutritional challenges (2014, background): “Temporal regulation of feeding offers an innovative strategy to prevent and treat obesity and associated metabolic diseases (Longo and Mattson, 2014).”
Hallmarks of Brain Aging: Adaptive and Pathological Modification by Metabolic States (2018, background): “A compelling scientific literature shows that, compared to animals fed ad libitum, those fed intermittently (alternate day fasting or daily time-restricted feeding) exhibit improvements in many health indicators and, as reviewed elsewhere, their lifespan is extended and hallmarks of aging are dimini”
Effects of eight weeks of time-restricted feeding (16/8) on basal metabolism, maximal strength, body composition, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk factors in resistance-trained males (2016, background): “Fasting is distinct from caloric restriction (CR), in which daily caloric intake is chronically reduced by up to 40 %, but meal frequency is maintained [2].”