Mechanisms of foxp3+ T regulatory cell-mediated suppression.

By E. Shevach. Immunity, 2009

1,895 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Foxp3(+) T regulatory (Treg) cells control all aspects of the immune response. Here, I will review the in vitro model systems that have been developed to define the mechanisms used by Treg cells to suppress a large number of distinct target cell types. These mechanisms can be broadly divided into those that target T cells (suppressor cytokines, IL-2 consumption, cytolysis) and those that primarily target antigen-presenting cells (decreased costimulation or decreased antigen presentation). Although multiple mechanisms for Treg cell suppression have been shown in vitro, it is unclear whether the same or different mechanisms are used by Treg cells in vivo. An increase in our understanding of Treg cell suppressor mechanisms will offer an insight into how Treg cell function can be manipulated either positively or negatively in vivo.

Subfields: Immunology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/cd85a8217be2377ee27f25516392fb5a968d6191

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Citations in the corpus

Plasticity of CD4+ T cell lineage differentiation. (2009, background): “Treg cells have essential roles in maintenance of immune homeostasis, regulating these effector T cell responses and thus preventing their potentially pathogenic effects through a variety of mechanisms (Vignali et al., 2008; Shevach, 2009, this issue of Immunity).”
Interleukin-10 signaling in regulatory T cells is required for suppression of Th17 cell-mediated inflammation (2011, neutral): “Although Treg cell-mediated suppression is not fully understood in mechanistic terms, various studies indicate that Treg cells utilizemultiplemeans to accomplish suppressionof different inflammatory responses (Shevach, 2009; Vignali et al., 2008).”
Interleukin-2 at the Crossroads of Effector Responses, Tolerance, and Immunotherapy (2013, positive): “Most FOXP3+ Treg cells are CD4+CD25+ cells (Sakaguchi et al., 2008; Shevach, 2009).”
Regulatory T cells exert checks and balances on self tolerance and autoimmunity (2010, background): “How do T reg cells suppress other lymphocytes? It has been reported that Foxp3 + T reg cells exert suppression by cell contact–dependent mechanisms (for example, functional modulation by means of CD39, CD73 and LAG-3, or killing of APCs or responder T cells by means of granzyme and perforin) as”
The PD-1 Pathway in Tolerance and Autoimmunity (2010, background): “reported that consumption of IL-2 by Tregs can result in cytokine deprivation-induced apoptosis of effector T cells (96, 97).”
TGF-β and immune cells: an important regulatory axis in the tumor microenvironment and progression (2010, background): “In addition, TGF-β, together with IL-6, induces Th-17 cells [25,32,33].”
Control of regulatory T cell lineage commitment and maintenance (2009, background): “, and Shevach, E.M. (1995). Pathogenesis of post-thymectomy autoimmunity.”
An Updated Review of Lysophosphatidylcholine Metabolism in Human Diseases (2019, background): “nTregs are responsible for preventing immune responses through various means, including the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines [43].”