When Positive Stereotypes Threaten Intellectual Performance: The Psychological Hazards of “Model Minority” Status

By Sapna Cheryan, Galen Bodenhausen. 2000

442 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Social Psychology, Sociology and Political Science, Evaluation & Benchmarks

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Citations in the corpus

ToxiGen: A Large-Scale Machine-Generated Dataset for Adversarial and Implicit Hate Speech Detection (2022, background): “Additionally, we ask if the statement exhibits a positive stereotype (POSSTEREO), which is also harmful (e.g., model minority myths; Cheryan and Bodenhausen, 2000).”
Category membership moderates the inhibition of social identities (2004, methodology): “…a paper-and-pencil collective self-esteem scale tailored for the Greek identity (Luhtanen & Crocker, 1992), whereas participants in the control condition completed a per- sonal self-esteem scale that made no mention of any social groups (see Cheryan & Bodenhausen, 2000, for a similar method).”
Ethical leadership and employee knowledge sharing: Exploring dual-mediation paths (2017, background): “According to Aquino and Reed (2002), although moral identity concerns a set of moral traits linked to an individual's self-concept, it is malleable to a speci ﬁ c mental image of what an ethical person should believe and how he/she should behave (cf. Cheryan & Bodenhausen, 2000).”
The effect of professor ethnicity and gender on student evaluations: Judged before met. (2010, background): “These results demonstrate that although Asian Americans are frequently regarded as “model ethnic minorities” (Cheryan & Bodenhausen, 2000; Ying et al., 2001), they still encounter stereotypes and negative perceptions in some domains.”
The self-importance of moral identity. (2002, background): “And like other identities, a person’s moral identity may be associated with certain beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors (Cheryan & Bodenhausen, 2000; Forehand, Deshpandé, & Reed, in press; Shih, Pittinsky, & Ambady, 1999), particularly when that identity is highly selfimportant.”
“Asians are Good at Math. What an Awful Stereotype” The Model Minority Stereotype's Impact on Asian American Engineering Students (2012, background): “Additional research by Cheryan and Bodenhausen (2000) revealed that a similar effect occurred with Asian students when they were reminded of the MMS before an academic test.”
Making Gender Comparisons More Meaningful: A Call for More Attention to Social Context (2003, background): “…much worse than men when they were led to believe that men were better at math than women (evoking stereotype threat), but performed equal to men when convinced there were no gender differences (see also, Cheryan & Bodenhausen, 2000; Oswald & Harvey, 2000; Shih, Pittensky, & Ambady, 1999).”
Why they leave: the impact of stereotype threat on the attrition of women and minorities from science, math and engineering majors (2012, unknown): “Yet in a similar set of studies, Cheryan and Bodenhausen (2000) found just the opposite: that Asian-American women’s performance on a math test was significantly lower when ethnicity was primed but not significantly changed when gender was primed.”
Are males always better than females in mental rotation? Exploring a gender belief explanation (2009, background): “Sometimes, a positive stereotype can create apprehension and consequently create a decrease in performance, an effect called ‘choking under pressure’ (Cheryan & Bodenhausen, 2000).”
Battling Doubt by Avoiding Practice: The Effects of Stereotype Threat on Self-Handicapping in White Athletes (2002, background): “Some evidence suggests that the poor performance in stereotype-threat situations is partially mediated by thoughts about race and self-doubt (Steele & Aronson, 1995), inefficient information processing (Ceryan & Bodenhausen, 2000), or feelings of anxiety (Spencer et al., 1999).”
An integrated process model of stereotype threat effects on performance. (2008, background): “However, choking is most likely to occur when a positive stereotype is primed for an individual who lacks confidence in his or her own ability to live up to that expectation (Cheryan & Bodenhausen, 2000).”