Increasing the distance of an external focus of attention enhances learning

By Nancy McNevin, C. Shea, Gabriele Wulf. Psychological Research, 2003

656 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Cognitive Neuroscience, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Social Psychology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/be494c8321a834e273307f054a5a55525e0263a7

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Citations in the corpus

The theory of reinvestment (2008, background): “Wulf and her colleagues argue that an internal focus of attention encourages conscious control of the movements, which constrains or inhibits automatic control mechanisms (the ‘constrained action hypothesis’; McNevin, Shea, & Wulf, 2003 ; Wulf, McNevin, & Shea, 2001 ; Wulf, Shea, & Park, 2001 ).”
Directing attention to movement effects enhances learning: A review (2001, methodology): “McNevin et al. (2001) determined the frequency characteristics (fast Fourier transformation ; FFT) 2 of the balance records of participants balancing on the stabilometer.”
Attentional focus and motor learning: a review of 15 years (2013, background): “In a few studies, the effectiveness of different external foci was compared (e.g., Banks, 2012; Bell & Hardy, 2009; McKay & Wulf, 2012; McNevin et al., 2003; Porter, Anton, & Wu, forthcoming).”
Increases in Jump-and-Reach Height through an External Focus of Attention (2007, background): “While focusing on one’s movements when performing a motor skill results in a relatively conscious type of control, thus constraining the motor system, directing attention to the movement effect is assumed to promote a more automatic mode of control ("constrained action hypothesis"; [2, 5, 19]).”
Effects of Attentional Focus on Skilled Performance in Golf (2009, positive): “On the basis of these findings it was proposed that the benefits associated with an external focus are more pronounced as the distance between the action and its effect are increased (McNevin et al., 2003). Despite the supportive evidence provided by McNevin et al. (2003), the results related to a d”
Focus of Attention Affects Performance of Motor Skills in Music (2011, background): “In discussing the results of their investigation of attentional focus in a balancing task, McNevin et al. (2003) explained that even though increasing the distance of the effect from the action producing it did not produce immediate performance improvements (a trend for immediate performance…”
The effects of attentional focusing strategies on novice dart throwing performance and Their task experiences (2007, background): “…external focus possibly being induced in the control group even without specific instructions It may be that other tasks, such as balancing on an unstable platform (e g , McNevin et al , 2003), which lack obvious external information to focus upon, lead novices to adopt a more internal focus if…”
Simply distracting learners is not enough: More evidence for the learning benefits of an external focus of attention (2003, background): “Until now, the only study that included such a control group was the study by Wulf et al. (35, Experiment 1) using the ski-simulator task.2 In this case, internal focus and control conditions had similar learning effects, and both were less effective than an external focus condition.”
An External Focus of Attention Results in Greater Swimming Speed (2010, background): “, automatic) movement adjustments [12, 13] when performers adopt an external compared to an internal focus.”
The automaticity of complex motor skill learning as a function of attentional focus (2001, methodology): “As McNevin et al. (2000) have shown that the effects of internal (feet) vs. external (markers) attentional foci can be enhanced by increasing the distance of the external focus, more distant makers were used here to maximize any effects of attentional focus.”
Does the Attentional Focus Adopted by Swimmers Affect Their Performance? (2011, background): “, automatic) movement adjustments [14, 15] when performers adopt an external compared to an internal focus.”