Gender differences in rumination: A meta-analysis
By Daniel P Johnson, M. Whisman. Personality and Individual Differences, 2013
679 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Starting in adolescence and continuing through adulthood, women are twice as likely as men to experience depression. According to the response styles theory (RST), gender differences in depression result, in part, from women’s tendency to ruminate more than men. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate gender differences in rumination in adults (k = 59; N = 14,321); additionally, an analysis of subtypes of rumination – brooding and reflection – was conducted (k = 23). Fixed effects analyses indicated that women scored higher than men in rumination (d = .24, p < .01, SEd = .02), brooding (d = .19, p < .01, SEd = .03) and reflection (d = .17, p < .01, SEd = .03); there was no evidence of heterogeneity or publication bias across studies for these effect sizes. Although statistically significant, the effect sizes for gender differences in rumination were small in magnitude. Results are discussed with respect to the RST and gender differences in depression.
Subfields: Clinical Psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/baba47173293fefe86c99d07359eb3bccc44603d
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In Clinical Psychology
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Citations in the corpus
- The Individual “Costs” of Workaholism: An Analysis Based on Multisource and Prospective Data (2018, background): “It may also lead to more negative outcomes by amplifying women’s increased self-focused rumination on negative emotional states (see Johnson & Whisman, 2013) or by fueling higher levels of work–family conflict (Clark et al., 2015).”
- Rumination for innovation? Analysing the longitudinal effects of work-related rumination on creativity at work and off-job recovery (2017, methodology): “We used these controls as they have been shown to be relevant in studying rumination, recovery, and creativity (e.g. Fasko, 2001; Geurts, Beckers, & Tucker, 2014; Johnson & Whisman, 2014).”
- Trait Repetitive Negative Thinking: A Brief Transdiagnostic Assessment (2014, methodology): “…(ds = .14-.17), whether they used the RRS subscales uncontaminated with depression items (e.g., Treynor et al., 2003, N = 1328, ds = .16-.22), alternative measures of rumination (e.g., Zlomke & Hahn, 2010, N = 1080, d = .22), or meta-analytic techniques (Johnson & Whisman, 2013, ds = .17-.24).”
- Rumination, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide Attempts: A Meta-Analytic Review (2017, methodology): “…suicidality, and/or the association between these constructs (e.g., age: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016; Ricarte, Ros, Serrano, Martínez-Lorca, & Latorre, 2016; gender: Eshun, 2000; Johnson & Whisman, 2013; race/ethnicity: Cheref, Lane, Polanco-Roman, Gadol, & Miranda, 2015).”