Reduced anxiety‐like behavior and central neurochemical change in germ‐free mice

By Karen A Neufeld, N. Kang, John Bienenstock, Jane A. Foster. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 2011

1,305 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Behavioral Neuroscience, Gastroenterology, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b06b7a90a29237faddebc6b0cd44c2e8cc1bf188

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Behavioral Neuroscience

1. J. Cryan
2. Ted G. Dinan
3. T. Sampson
4. Yan Wang
5. Emeran A. Mayer
6. C. Bernstein
7. Bruno Bonaz
8. L. Kasper

In Gastroenterology

1. J. Cryan
2. Ted G. Dinan
3. G. Clarke
4. R. Stilling
5. P. Kennedy
6. Emeran A. Mayer
7. S. Mazmanian
8. C. Stanton

In Molecular Biology

1. J. Cryan
2. Ted G. Dinan
3. G. Clarke
4. F. Bäckhed
5. S. Mazmanian
6. C. Stanton
7. Patrice D Cani
8. Yan Wang

Citations in the corpus

• Altered fecal microbiota composition in patients with major depressive disorder. (2015, positive): “Previous studies have reported that changes in hippocampal BDNF mRNA and protein levels are related to the gut microbiota composition (Bercik et al., 2010, 2011; Neufeld et al., 2011).”
• The role of microbiome in central nervous system disorders (2013, positive): “It is therefore postulated that gut microbiome regulates the set point for HPA axis(Clarke et al., 2013; Neufeld et al., 2011).”
• The Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer’s Disease (2017, positive): “More recently, Neufeld found a downregulation of the NMDA receptor NR2B subunit mRNA in the central amygdala of GF mice [45].”
• Regulation of Neurotransmitters by the Gut Microbiota and Effects on Cognition in Neurological Disorders (2021, background): “The anxiolytic-like biochemical characteristics observed in germ-free mice are associated with elevated hippocampal concentrations of serotonin and its main metabolite 5-HTP, an increased plasma concentration of its precursor tryptophan [70], and reduced expression of glutamate NMDA receptors and se”
• The Gut-Brain Axis: How Microbiota and Host Inflammasome Influence Brain Physiology and Pathology (2020, background): “Early experiments using germ-free (GF) or specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice treated with antibiotics, to reduce the microbial diversity within the intestine, showed that several neurological problems occur inmice with reduced or lack of proper mature gut microbiota (7, 10, 14, 15, 34, 80, 81).”
• Gut Microbiota Regulate Motor Deficits and Neuroinflammation in a Model of Parkinson's Disease (2016, positive): “Additionally, the microbiota promotes enteric and circulating serotonin production in mice (Yano et al., 2015) and affects anxiety, hyperactivity, and cognition (Clarke et al., 2013; Diaz Heijtz et al., 2011; Neufeld et al., 2011; Selkrig et al., 2014).”
• Brain–Gut–Microbe Communication in Health and Disease (2011, result): “Neufeld et al. (2011), despite reporting an unexplained increase in BDNF mRNA that was contrary to the protein decreases observed in the earlier study, reported a less anxious phenotype for germ free animals in the elevated plus maze (EPM).”
• Stress & the gut-brain axis: Regulation by the microbiome (2017, neutral): “, 2011), whereas hippocampal BDNF levels in GF mice have been reported to either increase (Neufeld et al., 2011) or decrease (Diaz Heijtz et al.”
• Cognitive Impairment by Antibiotic-Induced Gut Dysbiosis: Analysis of Gut Microbiota-Brain Communication (2016, background): “The current findings thus add to the emerging concept that factors emanating from the gut microbiota impact on cognitive performance (Gareau et al., 2011; Neufeld et al., 2011; Farzi et al., 2012; Davari et al., 2013; Gareau, 2014; Desbonnet et al., 2015).”
• Gut microbiota depletion from early adolescence in mice: Implications for brain and behaviour. (2015, background): “This effect of antibiotics on anxiety is not likely to be mediated by any other mechanism aside from its effects as an anti-microbial, as similar behavioural changes are reported in GF mice in which bacteria are absent from birth (Diaz Heijtz et al., 2011; Neufeld et al., 2011), particularly in male”
• Intestinal permeability, gut-bacterial dysbiosis, and behavioral markers of alcohol-dependence severity (2014, background): “Indeed, in experimental studies, researchers observed that germfree mice displayed reduced anxiety-like behavior compared with mice with normal gut microbiota, demonstrating evidence of gut-to-brain interactions (20, 21).”
• Kynurenine pathway metabolism and the microbiota‐gut‐brain axis (2017, methodology): “…with relative consistency, that the gut microbiota modulates anxiety (Arentsen et al., 2015; Clarke et al., 2013; Diaz Heijtz et al., 2011; Neufeld et al., 2011; Savignac et al., 2014) and depressive like behaviour (Bravo et al., 2011; Desbonnet et al., 2015; Desbonnet et al., 2008;…”
• Brain-gut interactions in inflammatory bowel disease. (2013, background): “behaviour in comparison to specific pathogen-free mice, a phenotype accompanied by changes in plasticity-related genes in the hippocampus and amygdala (65), two key structures in the adaptation to the stress response.”