The role of microbiome in central nervous system disorders

By Yan Wang, L. Kasper. Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2013

724 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Mammals live in a co-evolutionary association with the plethora of microorganisms that reside at a variety of tissue microenvironments. The microbiome represents the collective genomes of these co-existing microorganisms, which is shaped by host factors such as genetics and nutrients but in turn is able to influence host biology in health and disease. Niche-specific microbiome, prominently the gut microbiome, has the capacity to effect both local and distal sites within the host. The gut microbiome has played a crucial role in the bidirectional gut-brain axis that integrates the gut and central nervous system (CNS) activities, and thus the concept of microbiome-gut-brain axis is emerging. Studies are revealing how diverse forms of neuro-immune and neuro-psychiatric disorders are correlated with or modulated by variations of microbiome, microbiota-derived products and exogenous antibiotics and probiotics. The microbiome poises the peripheral immune homeostasis and predisposes host susceptibility to CNS autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Neural, endocrine and metabolic mechanisms are also critical mediators of the microbiome-CNS signaling, which are more involved in neuro-psychiatric disorders such as autism, depression, anxiety, stress. Research on the role of microbiome in CNS disorders deepens our academic knowledge about host-microbiome commensalism in central regulation and in practicality, holds conceivable promise for developing novel prognostic and therapeutic avenues for CNS disorders.

Subfields: Biological Psychiatry, Gastroenterology, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/151c49962685f1e2c47e1800f50324a4eec54dc5

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Biological Psychiatry

1. J. Cryan
2. Ted G. Dinan
3. G. Clarke
4. J. Foster
5. L. Rinaman
6. P. Kennedy
7. C. Stanton

In Gastroenterology

1. J. Cryan
2. Ted G. Dinan
3. G. Clarke
4. P. Kennedy
5. J. Foster

In Molecular Biology

1. J. Cryan
2. Ted G. Dinan
3. Duccio Cavalieri
4. Zongxin Ling
5. G. Clarke
6. C. Stanton
7. J. Foster
8. S. Mazmanian

Citations in the corpus

• New evidences on the altered gut microbiota in autism spectrum disorders (2017, background): “, diet, medications, and excessive overall hygiene) that can affect the composition of the gut microbiota [32].”
• Altered fecal microbiota composition in patients with major depressive disorder. (2015, background): “…in central nervous system function, namely through inflammation, and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, and by affecting neurotransmission (Bangsgaard Bendtsen et al., 2012; Collins et al., 2012; Cryan and Dinan, 2012; Dinan and Cryan, 2013; Dinan et al., 2013; Wang and Kasper, 2014).”
• Gut instincts: microbiota as a key regulator of brain development, ageing and neurodegeneration (2017, background): “The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which provides the core regulation of the stress response, can significantly impact the microbiota–gut–brain axis (O’Mahony et al. 2009, 2011, 2015b; Scott et al. 2013; Moloney et al. 2014; Tillisch, 2014; Wang & Kasper, 2014).”