Simulation versus Narrative: Introduction to Ludology

By G. Frasca. 2013

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Classifying Serious Games: The G/P/S Model (2011, background): “A more detailed discussion on the paidia/ludus duality is presented by Frasca (2003), which expands his analysis by proposing a typology of the rules found in video games.”
Mapping learning and game mechanics for serious games analysis (2015, background): “Building on top of the topology of game-play rules defined by Frasca (2003), Djaouti, Alvarez, Jessel, Methel, and Molinier (2008) propose videogames classification based on the concept of ‘Game play Bricks’, where the different combinations of the “fundamental elements” seem to match the different…”