Gut Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids, T Cells, and Inflammation

By Chang H. Kim, Jeongho Park, Myunghoo Kim. Immune Network, 2014

623 citations recorded by the source corpus.

T cells are central players in the regulation of adaptive immunity and immune tolerance. In the periphery, T cell differentiation for maturation and effector function is regulated by a number of factors. Various factors such as antigens, co-stimulation signals, and cytokines regulate T cell differentiation into functionally specialized effector and regulatory T cells. Other factors such as nutrients, micronutrients, nuclear hormones and microbial products provide important environmental cues for T cell differentiation. A mounting body of evidence indicates that the microbial metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have profound effects on T cells and directly and indirectly regulate their differentiation. We review the current status of our understanding of SCFA functions in regulation of peripheral T cell activity and discuss their impact on tissue inflammation.

Subfields: Epidemiology, Molecular Biology, Physiology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a29a9f142b3800bbe73da8536ca86119a707a8f3

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Molecular Biology

1. J. Cryan
2. Ted G. Dinan
3. G. Clarke
4. C. Stanton
5. R. Stilling
6. M. van de Wouw
7. M. De Angelis
8. Chang H. Kim

In Physiology

1. J. Cryan
2. Ted G. Dinan
3. G. Clarke
4. Chang H. Kim
5. Jeongho Park
6. C. Stanton
7. Myunghoo Kim

Citations in the corpus

• Gut Microbial Metabolites Fuel Host Antibody Responses. (2016, background): “SCFAs exert their functions through several different mechanisms, including activation of cell surface receptors (GPR41, GPR43 and GPR109A), histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition, and metabolic integration (Ganapathy et al., 2013; Kim et al., 2014; Licciardi et al., 2011).”
• Dietary Fiber Confers Protection against Flu by Shaping Ly6c− Patrolling Monocyte Hematopoiesis and CD8+ T Cell Metabolism (2018, background): “…metabolism (Kim et al., 2014); following conversion into acetyl-CoA and integration into the Krebs cycle (Blad et al., 2012; Donohoe et al., 2011; Kim et al., 2014), they can influence T helper cell differentiation via mTOR signaling (Kim et al., 2014) or accelerate recall responses of memory…”
• The neuropharmacology of butyrate: The bread and butter of the microbiota-gut-brain axis? (2016, background): “Moreover, while both receptors are well-established regulators of the immune response FFAR2 appears to be more prevalently present on several different immune cells compared to FFAR3 (Kim et al., 2014).”
• Blautia—a new functional genus with potential probiotic properties? (2021, background): “Blautia, as a genus of commensal obligate anaerobic bacteria, plays an important role in maintaining environmental balance in the intestine and preventing inflammation by upregulating intestinal regulatory T cells and producing SCFAs.(114) Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease ”
• The role of short-chain fatty acids in immunity, inflammation and metabolism (2020, background): “…receptor (AHR) butyrate Treg, dendritic cells, stem Cells, Breg Immunity (Rosser et al. 2020) In addition to regulating innate immune cells, SCFAs can also directly or indirectly regulate the differentiation of T cells to participate in specific cellular immunity (Kim, Park, and Kim 2014).”
• Gut Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids: Implications in Glucose Homeostasis (2022, background): “The SCFA anion transport occurs via the electrogenic, sodiumdependent monocarboxylate transporter 1 (SMCT1; also known as SLC5A8) [42].”