Herpes simplex virus type 1 activates murine natural interferon-producing cells through toll-like receptor 9.

By A. Krug, G. Luker, W. Barchet, D. Leib, Shizuo Akira, M. Colonna. Blood, 2004

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Type I interferons in host defense. (2006, positive): “TLR9 detects unmethylated CpG motifs in DNA that are common in DNA viruses and also bacteria (Hemmi et al., 2000; Krug et al., 2004b; Lund et al., 2003).”
Endocytosis of HIV-1 activates plasmacytoid dendritic cells via Toll-like receptor-viral RNA interactions. (2005, positive): “HSV-1 (25, 26), HSV-2, and DNA purified from HSV-2 (27), as well as murine CMV (28) activate murine pDCs through TLR9.”
Toll-like receptor control of the adaptive immune responses (2004, background): “Yet pDCs are very efficient detectors of viral infections, recognizing the viral genomes through TLR9 (double-stranded DNA”
Innate immune recognition of viral infection (2006, background): “Notably, synthetic CpG oligonucleotides are also capable of triggering IFN-α production by pDCs in a TLR9-dependent wa”