Emotion Regulation in Depression: Relation to Cognitive Inhibition

By Jutta Joormann, Ian H. Gotlib. Cognition & Emotion, 2010

1,191 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Depression is a disorder of impaired emotion regulation. Consequently, examining individual differences in the habitual use of emotion-regulation strategies has considerable potential to inform models of this debilitating disorder. The aim of the current study was to identify cognitive processes that may be associated with the use of emotion-regulation strategies and to elucidate their relation to depression. Depression has been found to be associated with difficulties in cognitive control and, more specifically, with difficulties inhibiting the processing of negative material. We used a negative affective priming task to assess the relations among inhibition and individual differences in the habitual use of rumination, reappraisal, and expressive suppression in clinically depressed, formerly depressed, and never-depressed participants. We found that depressed participants exhibited the predicted lack of inhibition when processing negative material. Moreover, within the group of depressed participants, reduced inhibition of negative material was associated with greater rumination. Across the entire sample, reduced inhibition of negative material was related to less use of reappraisal and more use of expressive suppression. Finally, within the formerly depressed group, less use of reappraisal, more use of rumination, and greater expressive suppression were related to higher levels of depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that individual differences in the use of emotion-regulation strategies play an important role in depression, and that deficits in cognitive control are related to the use of maladaptive emotion-regulation strategies in this disorder.

Subfields: Clinical Psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/765d6f4be59e7f8ac7f789e58b01f064bf349f1b

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Citations in the corpus

Depression: A cognitive perspective. (2019, methodology): “Researchers found that depressed individuals had difficulty discarding from working memory recently learned negative, but not positive, nouns (Joormann, Hertel, Brozovich, & Gotlib, 2005), which has been related to increased reactivity to stress (LeMoult, Hertel, & Joormann, 2010).”
Cognitive Control in Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Relation of Inhibition Impairments to Worry and Anxiety Severity (2017, background): “2008), cognitive control deficits have been linked to increased rumination severity (Joormann and Gotlib 2010) and poorer prognosis (Stange et al.”
Mindfulness Skills and Emotion Regulation: the Mediating Role of Coping Self-Efficacy (2014, background): “2009), depression (Joormann and Gotlib 2010), borderline personality disorder (Austin et al.”
Unpacking Rumination and Executive Control: A Network Perspective (2017, background): “…negative thinking prolongs negative experiences and delays recovery; rumination maintains the salience of the stressor, promotes a negative attentional bias, and impairs solution generation (Donaldson, Lam, & Mathews, 2007; Joormann & Gotlib, 2010; NolenHoeksema, Wisco, & Lyubomirsky, 2008).”
Frontocingulate Dysfunction in Depression: Towards Biomarkers of Treatment Response (2010, background): “Thus, I propose that decreased resting rACC activityFhypothesized to reflect reduced ability to engage in adaptive self-focused processingFand Frontocingulate dysfunctions in depression DA Pizzagalli ....................................................................................................”
Emotion regulation in depression: Examining the role of cognitive processes (2010, result): “In a recent study, participants diagnosed with depression were less likely to endorse the use of reappraisal but did not differ from the control group in their self-reported use of expressive suppression (Joormann & Gotlib, 2010 ).”
Emotion Regulation in Depression and Anxiety: Examining Diagnostic Specificity and Stability of Strategy Use (2013, background): “High trait rumination has been linked to stable characteristics such as deficits in executive control processes (Hilt et al. 2012; Joormann 2006; Joormann and Gotlib 2010).”
Embodiment of cognition and emotion (2015, background): “…facial expressions are also important to evaluative judgments (Foroni & Semin, 2009), consciously expressing positive emotion may also facilitate efforts to perform adaptive, mood-improving cognitive reappraisal (Gross & John, 2003; Joormann & Gotlib, 2010) of ambiguous situations and challenges.”
The Mediating Role of Self‐compassion in Student Psychological Health (2016, background): “Depression is widely viewed as a disorder of impaired emotion regulation (Aldao, Nolen-Hoeksema, & Schweizer, 2010; Joormann & Gotlib, 2010).”